Man Made Material (Simulated Mineral)

Glass

Amorphous Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Slag

Metallurgical by-product

Cherry Quartz with Rose Quartz

Crystalline Quartz (SiO2) with glass-based synthetic components

Aura Quartz (Rainbow Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with metallic vapor coatings

Blue Goldstone

Man-made glass infused with copper crystals

Blue glassy-looking specimen, possibly dyed or coated mineral

Not identifiable from the photograph; possibilities include dyed quartz or glassy slag, but composition cannot be established visually.

Chert (Arrowheads)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Iron-rich slag or ironstone; appearance is not diagnostic

Likely iron-oxide-rich material (hematite, Fe₂O₃, and/or magnetite, Fe₃O₄); possibly smelting slag

Hematite

Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)

Diamond (or Simulant)

Carbon (C)

Asphalt Chunk (Bituminous Concrete)

Aggregated Bitumen / Artificial Breccia

Strawberry Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite or Goethite inclusions

Concrete / Conglomerate (Man-made)

Artificial Conglomerate (Cementitious Composite)

Mother of Pearl (Nacre)

Aragonite (CaCO3) with Organic Matrix

Blue Goldstone

Synthetic glass with cobalt and copper inclusions

Concrete

Anthropogenic Sedimentary Conglomerate (Cement mixture: typically Ca2SiO4, Ca3SiO5, Ca3Al2O6)

Green Sea Glass

Man-made vitreous material (silica glass)

Clear quartz fragment

Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂)

Chert (Chalky Flint Node)

Chert (Microcrystalline Quartz, SiO2)

Sea Glass

Man-made vitreous material (silica glass)

Blue opalite glass (likely man-made)

Opalite glass; a silica-based amorphous glass, not natural opal

Fossiliferous limestone with colonial coral

Calcite (CaCO₃) limestone containing fossil tabulate or rugose coral colonies

Sea Glass

Silicon dioxide (mostly)

Opaline Glass (Opalite)

Synthetic Silicon Dioxide Glass

Opalite (likely imitation opal glass)

Man-made opalescent glass; not a natural mineral (often sold as opalite)

Concrete fragment or Conglomerate

Artificial Conglomerate (Concrete) or Natural Conglomerate

Concrete with Aggregate

Composite construction material; primary matrix is Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C-S-H)

Concrete

Anthropogenic Sedimentary Rock (Hydrated Calcium Silicate)

Sandstone (with concrete/human-made layer)

Clastic Sedimentary Rock (primarily Quartz/Feldspar grains)

Opalite crescent pendant

Opalite (man-made opalescent glass; not a natural mineral)

Brick fragment (Man-made material)

N/A (Fired clay)

Opalite (likely man-made opalescent glass)

Opalite; not a true mineral, typically synthetic opalescent glass (silica-based)

Quartz pebble (Quartztite fragment)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Lava Rock with Fabric Impression

Scoria or Basalt with anthropogenic impressions

Cullet (Slag Glass)

Amorphous Silica (SiO2) with various metal oxide colorants

Tumbled milky quartz pebble

Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂), likely milky quartz

Tumbled clear quartz (rock crystal)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Cullet Glass (Slag Glass)

Amorphous Silicon Dioxide (Industrial Byproduct)

Sandstone-based Concrete Fragment

Cementitious Composite with Sedimentary Aggregate

Likely tumbled or cut quartz/chalcedony fragment

Silicon dioxide (SiO₂), probably microcrystalline quartz or quartz

Polished labradorite sphere

Labradorite, calcic plagioclase feldspar ((Ca,Na)(Al,Si)₄O₈)

Opalite

Man-made Synthetic Glass (Silicon Dioxide with metal additives)