Man Made Object (Simulant)

Quartzite Pebble

Metamorphosed Quartz Sandstone (SiO2)

Polished black obsidian

Volcanic glass; primarily rhyolitic SiO₂, with minor iron, magnesium, and other trace elements

Clear faceted gemstone, likely cubic zirconia

Synthetic zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂), probably cubic zirconia; exact identification requires testing

Faceted colorless gemstone, likely cubic zirconia or diamond

Most likely synthetic cubic zirconia (ZrO₂); diamond (C) is a less certain alternative

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely cubic zirconia

Synthetic cubic zirconia (ZrO₂), tentative; possibly diamond or synthetic moissanite

Hematite / Goethite (Iron Ore)

Iron Oxide (Fe2O3 / FeO(OH))

Botryoidal chalcedony with quartz vug

Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂ (chalcedony), with a drusy quartz-lined cavity

Diamond ring

Diamond, crystalline carbon (C), likely a faceted mounted stone

Diamond-set gold ring

Diamond (carbon, C; cubic crystal structure), set in a gold alloy

Small brown pebble or possible shell fragment

Unidentified natural clast; the image is too small and blurred for reliable identification

Tumbled purple chalcedony or low-grade amethyst bead bracelet

Chalcedony (microcrystalline SiO₂), possibly quartz/amethyst; composition is SiO₂

Diamond (or Diamond Simulant/Cubic Zirconia)

Carbon (C) - if diamond, or Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) - if Cubic Zirconia

Fired Clay Brick (Anthropic Rock substitute)

Anthropogenic polycrystalline ceramic (predominantly Mullite and Quartz: Al6Si2O13 + SiO2)

Painted pebble, likely a smooth river stone

Unidentified fine-grained natural rock; exact lithology cannot be determined from the image

Tanzanite earrings

Tanzanite, blue-violet zoisite (Ca₂Al₃(SiO₄)₃(OH))

Cubic Zirconia (Simulated Diamond)

Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Red-and-brown agate bead bracelet

Agate, a microcrystalline variety of quartz (SiO₂), likely colored chalcedony/carnelian

Goldstone (blue-goldstone–style glass) beads

Artificial aventurine glass, typically silica glass with copper inclusions; not a natural mineral

Faceted color-change gemstone, likely synthetic alexandrite or glass imitation

Alexandrite: chrysoberyl, BeAl₂O₄; exact identification requires gemological testing

Blue calcite sphere

Calcite (CaCO₃), commonly blue-calcite variety

Dark polished stone, possibly hematite

Unidentified; hematite (Fe₂O₃) is a tentative possibility

Granite paving stone

Granite, a coarse-grained felsic intrusive igneous rock

Stone bead bracelet

Unidentified polished natural-stone beads; possibly wood-grain jasper, agate, or serpentine

Diamond (Faceted)

Carbon (C)

Icy Jadeite (Jade Bangle)

Jadeite, NaAlSi2O6 (Pyroxene group)

Carved blue stone figurine, likely dyed or treated sodalite

Sodalite, Na₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)Cl₂ (tentative identification)

Flint or chert, possibly a knapped stone tool

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), commonly chalcedony with possible carbonaceous impurities

Carved labradorite fish

Labradorite, calcium-rich plagioclase feldspar (approximately (Ca,Na)(Al,Si)₄O₈)

Nickel coin (U.S. currency)

Cupronickel (75% Copper, 25% Nickel alloy)

Polished brecciated jasper pendant

Jasper, an opaque microcrystalline variety of chalcedony (mostly SiO₂), with iron-oxide staining and likely brecciation

Likely smoky quartz cabochon ring

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂), brown variety colored by irradiation and trace aluminum

Red jasper (possible polished or dyed stone)

Jasper, an opaque microcrystalline variety of quartz (SiO₂)

River Pebble (likely Quartzite or Siltstone)

Sedimentary Clast (SiO2 based)

Native Silver

Silver (elemental Ag)

Calcite

Calcite (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)

Portable Ceramic Space Heater

Polished Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) Plastic with Ceramic Heating Elements

Likely dark mineral or rock fragment

Indeterminate from image; possibly a dark silicate mineral such as hornblende, biotite, or basalt

Granodiorite

Granodiorite

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely cubic zirconia

Cubic zirconia (synthetic ZrO₂), possibly glass or quartz

Possibly tumbled dark stone

Undetermined; appearance alone is insufficient for identification

Faceted clear gemstone (likely glass imitation or quartz)

Uncertain; appearance is consistent with colorless quartz (SiO₂), but the strong uniform brilliance may indicate cut glass or cubic zirconia

Likely weathered pebble or mineral fragment

Indeterminate; possibly quartz-rich stone, iron-stained feldspar, or a small chert fragment