Man Made Object (Simulant)

Aura Quartz / Rainbow Aura Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with metallic vapor coating

Diamond

Carbon (C)

Corundum (Pink Sapphire / Ruby)

Al2O3 (Aluminum Oxide)

Diamond (in a jewelry setting)

Carbon (C)

Rounded iron-rich stone or concretion

Indeterminate; possibly hematite-/goethite-bearing sandstone or an ironstone concretion

White pebble (likely quartz or milky quartz)

Quartz, SiO₂ (tentative identification from the image)

Polished brown stone, possibly tiger’s eye

Undetermined; tiger’s eye is quartz (SiO₂) with fibrous crocidolite-derived inclusions

Likely tumbled iron-stained quartz or chalcedony

Quartz/chalcedony (SiO₂), possibly limonite-coated

Likely ironstone or weathered iron-rich rock

Hematite/goethite-bearing ferruginous concretion; exact identification requires testing

Possible iron-rich concretion or weathered ironstone

Goethite/hematite-bearing limonite concretion (tentative)

Petrified Wood (Silicified Fossil)

Silicified Wood (SiO2)

Mixed sedimentary rock and mineral specimens

Predominantly limestone, chert, sandstone, and iron-oxide-bearing clasts; exact identification requires testing

Tumbled dark stone, possibly obsidian or basalt

Uncertain from the photograph; likely volcanic glass (obsidian, SiO₂) or fine-grained basalt

Uncertain dark metallic mineral specimen

Possibly galena (lead sulfide, PbS), though the image is too blurred for reliable identification

Polished amethyst bead fragments

Amethyst, purple quartz (SiO₂)

Black tumbled stone, possibly black tourmaline

Uncertain from the image; possibly schorl tourmaline, NaFe₃Al₆(BO₃)₃Si₆O₁₈(OH)₄

Small tumbled brown stone, likely iron-stained quartz or jasper

Quartz (SiO₂) or microcrystalline quartz (chalcedony/jasper), identification uncertain from the image

Native American Pottery Sherd

Carved turquoise arrowhead/pendant

Turquoise, hydrated copper aluminum phosphate — CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Weathered greenish-gray rock fragment

Tentatively basaltic or mafic metamorphic rock; exact identification is uncertain from the photograph

Basalt cobble in concrete aggregate

Basalt; chiefly plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene, with possible olivine and iron-titanium oxides

Moon (lunar surface depiction)

Lunar rock; chiefly anorthosite, basalt, and breccia (plagioclase-rich CaAl2Si2O8)

Tumbled brown jasper pebble

Jasper, microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), commonly with iron-oxide impurities

Fossilized shell fragment, likely bivalve

Bivalvia indet.; commonly preserved as calcite (CaCO₃) shell material

Polished septarian-style jasper or rhyolite

Likely silica-rich volcanic rock, possibly rhyolite, with iron-oxide and manganese-oxide veining

Polished gray stone pebble

Likely fine-grained basalt or andesite; exact identification is uncertain from the photograph

United States Quarter Dollar

Cupronickel Clad Alloy (75% Copper, 25% Nickel over a 100% Copper core)

Decorative opal-like turtle mosaic

Likely imitation or assembled opal material; exact stones cannot be confirmed visually

Unknown Organic Object (likely a berry or fruit)

Not applicable; this is not a geological specimen. If it were a cranberry, its scientific name would be Vaccinium macrocarpon; if a cherry, it would be Prunus avium or Prunus cerasus.

Light-colored rounded stone, possibly quartzite or limestone

Uncertain; likely quartzite (quartz, SiO₂) or calcitic limestone (calcite, CaCO₃)

Tumbled smoky quartz or dark agate

Quartz, SiO₂; possibly chalcedony, microcrystalline SiO₂

Fossil coral

Colonial scleractinian coral fossil, likely a tabulate or honeycomb coral; exact genus requires microscopy

Likely iron meteorite fragment

Iron–nickel meteorite, primarily kamacite and taenite (Fe–Ni alloy)

Polished basalt pebble (likely vesicular basalt)

Basalt; fine-grained mafic volcanic rock, principally plagioclase and pyroxene with possible olivine and iron oxides

Dyed blue chalcedony (likely dyed agate or quartzite)

Chalcedony, microcrystalline SiO₂; blue color likely artificial dye

Amethyst cluster

Amethyst, purple quartz (SiO₂)

Polished amethyst pyramid

Amethyst, purple quartz (SiO₂)

Turquoise cabochon

Turquoise, hydrated copper aluminum phosphate — CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Petrified Wood

Silicified wood (primarily Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Blue Chalcedony Cube

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Diamond

Native Carbon (C)

Fossil Shark Tooth

Lamniform (Mackerel Shark) fossil tooth, likely Otodus or Cretalamna