Mineral (Synthetic)

Red gemstone ring, likely synthetic ruby or garnet

Ruby: corundum (Al₂O₃); possible alternative: almandine garnet (Fe₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃)

Diamond (or Diamond Simulant)

Carbon (C) if diamond, various if simulant

Cubic Zirconia (Jewelry Setting)

Cubic Zirconia (ZrO2)

Diamond (or Diamond Simulant)

Carbon (C)

Opal stud earrings

Opal, hydrated amorphous silica (SiO₂·nH₂O)

Orange Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3)

Cubic Zirconia (Faceted Gemstone)

Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2)

Blue glass-like heart pendant, likely synthetic blue spinel or colored glass

Unconfirmed; possibly synthetic spinel (MgAl₂O₄) or cobalt-colored glass

Diamond (or Diamond Simulant)

Carbon (C) or Cubic Zirconia (ZrO2)

Amethyst

Amethyst (SiO2 - Silicon Dioxide with iron impurities)

Heart-shaped faceted gemstone pendant

Likely yellow quartz (citrine) or synthetic yellow stone, set in metal with small clear accent stones

Goldstone (aventurine glass)

Synthetic copper-bearing soda-lime glass; commonly sold as red goldstone

Yellow faceted gemstone, likely citrine or yellow sapphire

Uncertain; probable quartz (SiO₂) or corundum (Al₂O₃)

Ruby (faceted gemstone)

Corundum (Al2O3 with Cr impurities)

Amethyst cabochon ring

Amethyst, purple quartz (SiO₂)

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely quartz

Quartz (SiO₂), probably rock crystal; exact identification is uncertain from the strongly backlit image

Blue-green tumbled gemstone, likely turquoise or dyed turquoise

Turquoise: hydrated copper–aluminum phosphate, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O; identification is uncertain from the blurry image

Sapphire (likely blue synthetic sapphire or blue glass in a ring)

Corundum (Al₂O₃), specifically the blue variety due to trace amounts of iron and titanium impurities. If synthetic, it would still be Al₂O₃.

Green glassy cabochon, likely dyed or synthetic material

Uncertain; possibly green obsidian, chrysoprase, or synthetic glass

Faceted clear gemstone, likely quartz or glass imitation

Most likely quartz (SiO₂); exact identification requires refractive-index and hardness tests

Emerald

Beryl, Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)₆, colored green mainly by chromium and/or vanadium

Ruby (set in a ring)

Corundum, Al₂O₃, colored red by chromium; the pictured stone may be synthetic or imitation, which cannot be confirmed from the photo.

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely cubic zirconia

Cubic zirconia (zirconium dioxide, ZrO₂); visual confirmation is unavailable

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely quartz (rock crystal)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂); exact identification cannot be confirmed from the photograph

Faceted golden beryl (likely heliodor)

Beryl, Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈; yellow color from iron impurities

Diamond

Diamond (C)

Blue-beaded gemstone jewelry, likely lapis lazuli or dyed blue agate

Uncertain from the image; possible lazurite-bearing lapis lazuli (Na₃Ca(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂S) or blue chalcedony (SiO₂)

Diamond (or Diamond Simulant)

Carbon (C) if diamond, various if simulant (e.g., Cubic Zirconia - ZrO2, Moissanite - SiC)

Diamond

Carbon (C), Native Element

Diamond ring (likely diamond with gold band)

Diamond, crystalline carbon (C); band appears gold alloy

Cut gemstone ring, likely diamond

Diamond (carbon, C), faceted gemstone; exact stone identification is uncertain from the image

Bituminous Coal

Organic-rich sedimentary rock (Complex hydrocarbons)

Colorless faceted gemstone (likely cubic zirconia)

Cubic zirconia, zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂); possibly synthetic quartz or glass imitation

White chalcedony (possibly milky quartz) cabochon

Chalcedony, microcrystalline SiO₂; appearance may also represent milky quartz or synthetic imitation

Terrazzo (Synthetic Composite Rock)

Cementitious or Epoxy Resin-bound Aggregates

Polished honey-yellow quartz-like crystal

Quartz (SiO₂), possibly citrine or heat-treated amethyst

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (a rock composed primarily of Lazurite (Na,Ca)₈[(S,Cl,SO₄,OH)₂|(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)], with varying amounts of Calcite, Pyrite, and Sodalite.)

White Opal

Hydrated Amorphous Silica (SiO2·nH2O)

Blue topaz pendant

Topaz (Al₂SiO₄(F,OH)₂), likely treated blue topaz

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium [CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O]

Faceted red gemstone, likely garnet

Garnet group; probably almandine-pyrope solid solution, (Fe,Mg)₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃

Polished blue-black cabochon, likely blue obsidian or dyed glass-like stone

Indeterminate from image; possible natural obsidian (volcanic glass), commonly SiO₂-rich rhyolitic glass