Mineralogical Simulant

Mica-rich pegmatitic granite

Granitic pegmatite, chiefly quartz, feldspar, and muscovite/biotite mica

Serpentine-bearing metamorphic rock (likely chromite/vesuvianite-bearing serpentinite)

Serpentinite, chiefly serpentine-group minerals [(Mg,Fe)₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄], with dark accessory minerals

Serpentinized ultramafic rock with magnesite

Serpentinite, chiefly serpentine-group minerals (Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄), with likely magnesite (MgCO₃) and minor chromite/magnetite

Quartzite

Quartzite (primarily SiO2)

Likely hornblende-rich amphibolite

Amphibolite, composed chiefly of hornblende (amphibole) and plagioclase feldspar

Quartz-veined metamorphic rock, likely quartzite or schist

Quartz-rich metamorphic rock with a milky-quartz vein; exact host rock is indeterminate from the photo

Granite-like pegmatitic rock

Coarse-grained granite or granitic pegmatite; likely quartz–feldspar–mica aggregate

Serpentinite with carbonate veins and weathering rind

Serpentinite; chiefly serpentine-group minerals (antigorite, lizardite, chrysotile), with calcite/magnesite and accessory magnetite

Weathered gray-green basaltic rock

Basalt, likely altered to low-grade greenschist/amphibolite facies

Greenstone / altered basalt (probable)

Chlorite–epidote–actinolite aggregate; commonly metabasalt (greenstone)

Iron-rich breccia or weathered ironstone

Goethite–hematite-bearing ferruginous rock, possibly limonite

Serpentine-rich metamorphic rock

Serpentinite, likely with quartz or calcite veining and minor magnetite

Quartz-bearing rock, possibly weathered granite or pegmatite

Quartz–feldspar–mica aggregate; exact classification is uncertain from the image

Quartz-rich pegmatite (weathered feldspar–quartz rock)

Granitic pegmatite; primarily quartz (SiO₂), feldspar, and minor biotite/iron-oxide minerals

Uncertain polymict breccia or altered volcanic rock

Likely hydrothermally altered volcanic breccia; exact mineral identification requires testing

Mica Schist

Mica Schist (primarily Muscovite or Biotite)

Blue-green raw mineral specimen, likely apatite

Fluorapatite, Ca₅(PO₄)₃F (probable; visual identification only)

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely glass or quartz

Uncertain; appearance is consistent with faceted quartz (SiO₂), but cut glass or cubic zirconia cannot be excluded from the photograph

Red glassy mineral specimen, likely synthetic ruby or red spinel

Most consistent with synthetic corundum (Al₂O₃, ruby) or synthetic spinel (MgAl₂O₄); exact identification requires testing

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely cubic zirconia

Cubic zirconia (synthetic zirconium dioxide, ZrO₂); possibly colorless quartz or laboratory diamond

Ruby-bearing rock (likely ruby in zoisite)

Corundum (ruby, Al₂O₃) in a zoisite-rich matrix; exact identification is uncertain from the photograph

Weathered greenstone / serpentinite (probable)

Serpentinite, chiefly antigorite–lizardite Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄; possibly altered mafic greenstone

Quartz-bearing weathered rock

Massive to drusy quartz (SiO₂), possibly in a feldspathic or carbonate host

Altered volcanic rock, possibly andesite

Likely porphyritic andesite or dacite with secondary chlorite/epidote and quartz–calcite veins

Greenstone with rusty mineral patches

Greenstone (metamorphosed mafic volcanic rock; likely chlorite–epidote–actinolite assemblage)

Polished septarian nodule

Septarian concretion, commonly calcite/aragonite with brown iron-oxide or siderite veins in a clay-rich matrix

Weathered river pebble, likely quartz-rich sandstone or quartzite

Indeterminate; probable quartz (SiO₂)-rich sandstone/quartzite with iron-oxide staining

Likely serpentinite or serpentinized ultramafic rock

Serpentinite; chiefly serpentine-group minerals (Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄), possibly with magnetite and minor olivine/pyroxene

Granite

Intrusive Igneous Rock

Quartz (Iron-stained)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hematite

Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)

Malachite-bearing copper ore

Malachite (Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂), likely mixed with chrysocolla, limonite, or native copper minerals

Peridot ring

Gem-quality olivine, typically forsterite–fayalite solid solution ((Mg,Fe)₂SiO₄)

Diamond cluster ring

Diamond (carbon, C), faceted and set in jewelry

Howlite

Calcium borosilicate hydroxide (Ca2B5SiO9(OH)5)

Charoite

Charoite (K(Ca,Na)2Si4O10(OH,F)·nH2O)

Hypersthene

Enstatite (Hypersthene variety), (Mg,Fe)SiO3

Banded Calcite (Onyx Marble / Travertine)

Calcite (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)

Quartzite

Quartzite (SiO2)

Clear faceted gemstone, likely quartz (rock crystal)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂); visual identification is uncertain because the stone is heavily faceted and photographed with flash

Colorless faceted gemstone (likely cubic zirconia)

Cubic zirconia, zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂); possibly synthetic quartz or glass imitation

Likely serpentine-rich metamorphic rock

Serpentinite; chiefly serpentine-group minerals (Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄), possibly with magnetite and chlorite