Organic Gemstone (Not A Rock Or Mineral)

Turquoise

Hydrous phosphate of copper and aluminium [CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O]

Shungite

Non-crystalline carbon (high-carbon metamorphic rock)

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (A metamorphic rock primarily composed of Lazurite: (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2, along with Calcite and Pyrite)

Amber

Succinite (a fossilized organic resin containing succinic acid)

Jasper

Jasper (Cryptocrystalline variety of Quartz, SiO2)

Chert (Chalcedony/Agate variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Pyrite (on Quartz/Host Rock)

Iron Sulfide (FeS₂)

Rough Ruby

Corundum (Al2O3 with Chromium impurities)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminum, CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Chert Pebble (Jasper variant)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Garnet Schist

Garnet-bearing Mica Schist (variety of compositions, often Al2SiO5 with X3Y2(SiO4)3)

Milky Quartz

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Quartz (specifically Citrine or Yellow Quartzite pebble)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Amber

Succinite (Fossilized Tree Resin)

Epidote

Epidote Group (Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH))

Clear Quartz (Rock Crystal)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Bronzite

MgSiO3 (Enstatite with 10-30% FeSiO3 in solid solution)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium [CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O]

Limestone (Weathered)

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Red Jasper

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide with Iron Oxide inclusions, SiO2 + Fe2O3)

Lapis Lazuli

Complex mixture of minerals (lazurite, calcite, pyrite, and sodalite); (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2

Chert (often called Flint or Agate nodule)

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (Field Stone)

Microcrystalline / Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Smoky Quartz (Tumbled)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite inclusions

Botryoidal Malachite

Malachite - Cu2CO3(OH)2

Chert (often called Flint or Jasper)

Cryptocrystalline quartz (SiO2)

Chert (White Chert or Flint)

Microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline quartz (SiO2)

Chert (Blue-Gray Chert)

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO2)

Amethyst

Amethyst (SiO2 with Iron impurities)

Blue Lace Agate

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Sunstone

Plagioclase Feldspar (Na,Ca)(Al,Si)4O8

Jasper (Petrified Wood variant)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions

Olivine (Peridotite)

(Mg,Fe)2SiO4 (Magnesium Iron Silicate)

Fire Agate

Chalcedony (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2) with Limonite/Goethite

Quartz Geode (Citrine or Iron-stained Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Rough Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18 with Chromium/Vanadium impurities)

Chert (specifically Red Chert / Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Milky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Chert (Jasper-bearing)

Chert (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Diamond in Kimberlite

Diamond (C in Kimberlite Matrix)

Turquoise and Hematite

Turquoise (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O) and Hematite (Fe2O3)