Sedimentary (Secondary Classification For A Weathered Mineral Specimen)

Greenschist

Chlorite Schist

Agate (Chalcedony)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Likely basalt (possibly vesicular basalt)

Basalt; chiefly plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene, and commonly olivine, with iron-titanium oxides

Optical Calcite

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Jasper and Basalt River Pebble

Silica-rich volcanic rock with iron oxide staining

Limonite/Goethite on Shale

Hydrous ferric oxides (FeO(OH)·nH2O) often associated with argillaceous rock

Limonite (Iron Ore)

Hydrated ferric oxide (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Ferruginous Quartz

Iron-stained Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2 with Fe2O3 inclusions)

Copper Ore (Malachite/Chrysocolla bearing)

Cupriferous rock containing secondary copper minerals like Cu2CO3(OH)2

Granite Pebble

Granite (composed of Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O)

Iron-rich weathered rock or limonite/goethite nodule

Limonite (mixture dominated by goethite, FeO(OH)·nH₂O), possibly with quartz or clay

Turquoise (set in silver jewelry)

Turquoise - CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O (Hydrated copper and aluminum phosphate)

Tumbled turquoise

Turquoise — hydrated copper aluminum phosphate, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Quartz Geode with Calcite/Siderite

Crystalline Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Carbonate inclusions

Clear Quartz Crystal

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Weathered granite or granitic gneiss

Granite; chiefly quartz, feldspar, and biotite/hornblende

Vesicular basalt (possibly weathered scoria)

Basalt; chiefly plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene, and iron-rich minerals

Sandstone with Quartz Vein

Arenite with Quartz (SiO2) protrusion

Copper-bearing rock, possibly native copper in a weathered matrix

Likely copper minerals such as malachite (Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂) in an iron-rich host; exact identification is uncertain from the image

Weathered Sedimentary Rock with Liesegang Rings

Sandstone or Siltstone with Iron Oxide Banding

Weathered iron-rich rock (likely ironstone or limonite-bearing concretion)

Goethite–hematite–limonite mixture, commonly written FeO(OH) ± Fe₂O₃

Limonite (Yellow Ochre)

Hydrated iron(III) oxide-hydroxides (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Quartz-rich pegmatite or quartz vein rock

Milky quartz (SiO₂), likely with iron-oxide staining and minor feldspar

Yellow Ocher (Iron-rich Silt/Clay)

Goethite-rich Limonite (FeO(OH)qnH2O)

Limestone

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Banded Sedimentary Rock

Sedimentary rock with Liesegang banding

Quartz on Sandstone

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) in Lithic Sandstone

Quartz Pebble

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Limonite-stained Chert

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2) with Goethite/Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Porphyritic basalt (likely amygdaloidal basalt)

Basalt, a mafic volcanic rock; predominantly plagioclase and pyroxene, commonly with olivine and secondary zeolite/copper minerals

Jasper pebble with vein quartz cross-cutting fractures

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions

Weathered copper-bearing rock fragment

Likely malachite-bearing copper ore; identification uncertain from image

Iron-rich slag or weathered ironstone fragments

Probably hematite–goethite material; possibly industrial iron slag (Fe₂O₃/FeO(OH))

Limonite

FeO(OH)·nH2O

Chalcedony (Botryoidal)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Metallic iron meteorite (probable)

Iron meteorite, typically kamacite–taenite (Fe–Ni alloy)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium [CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O]

Metallic meteorite fragment (probable stony-iron or iron meteorite)

Undetermined meteoritic Fe–Ni alloy with silicate minerals

Milky Quartz Pebble

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Lunar Highlands Breccia (Meteorite)

Lunar Feldspathic Breccia

Quartzite / Quartz Geodeoid Nodules

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)