Sedimentary (Secondary Classification For A Weathered Mineral Specimen)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium [CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O]

Vesicular basalt (possibly scoriaceous basalt)

Basalt; chiefly plagioclase, clinopyroxene, and iron-rich minerals, with vesicles formerly filled by volcanic gas

Vesicular basalt (likely weathered volcanic rock)

Basalt; primarily plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene, and sometimes olivine

Chert with Iron Oxide Staining

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2) with Limonite/Goethite staining

Iron-rich basalt or weathered ironstone

Basalt, likely variolitic/vesicular and coated with iron oxides; composition mainly plagioclase, pyroxene, and magnetite/hematite

Shale (with Iron Staining)

Argillaceous mudstone / Shale

Botryoidal Hematite (Kidney Ore)

Hematite (Fe2O3)

Specular Hematite

Hematite (Fe2O3)

Orbicular rhyolite (orbicular jasper-like volcanic rock)

Silica-rich rhyolite containing concentric feldspar–quartz orbicules, commonly with iron-oxide staining

Vesicular basalt (likely weathered/amygdaloidal basalt)

Basalt; predominantly plagioclase and pyroxene, with possible olivine and secondary zeolite/calcite infillings

Likely weathered blue-gray basalt

Basalt, a fine-grained mafic volcanic rock; commonly plagioclase + pyroxene ± olivine and iron oxides

Limonite (Iron Ore)

Hydrated Iron(III) Oxide-Hydroxide (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Ferruginous Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Iron Oxide inclusions

Sandstone (with Iron Staining)

Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2)

Limonite (Iron Ore)

Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Vesicular basalt (likely weathered volcanic scoria)

Basaltic scoria; primarily plagioclase, pyroxene, and olivine

Limonitic Sandstone with Inclusion

Limonitic Quartz Sandstone (primarily SiO2 with FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Quartz Geode

Silicon dioxide (SiO2)

Quartz Geode in Sedimentary Host Rock

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) in Carbonate Matrix

Limonite (Iron Ore)

Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Turquoise

Hydrate phosphate of copper and aluminium (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O)

Limonite

FeO(OH)·nH2O

Weathered volcanic rock, likely andesite or basalt

Fine-grained mafic to intermediate volcanic rock; likely basaltic andesite/andesite, composition dominated by plagioclase with pyroxene and/or olivine

Copper-oxide ore (malachite-bearing copper ore)

Malachite, Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂, with likely chrysocolla and iron-oxide minerals

Turquoise (rough, likely stabilized or treated)

Turquoise, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Turquoise

CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium [CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O]

Limonite (Ironstone)

Limonite (FeOO·nH2O)

Ferruginous Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite/Limonite

Turquoise (possible Dyed Howlite or Magnesite imitation)

CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O (Turquoise)

Weathered quartz-rich pebble, possibly granite or granodiorite

Felsic intrusive rock; chiefly quartz, feldspar, and minor mica/amphibole

Weathered vesicular basalt (possible volcanic scoria)

Basalt; chiefly plagioclase, pyroxene, and commonly olivine, with secondary iron-oxide alteration

Turquoise

Turquoise - CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Turquoise

Turquoise - CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Limonite (Iron Ore)

Limonite (Hydrous ferric oxides), generic formula FeO(OH)·nH2O

Porphyritic volcanic rock, likely andesite or basalt with weathered feldspar phenocrysts

Porphyritic andesite–basalt; chiefly plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene, with possible olivine or iron oxides

Turquoise

Turquoise (Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium) CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Quartz with iron staining

Silicon dioxide (SiO2)

Sandstone

Sedimentary Rock (Quartz Arenite)

Moon (lunar surface depiction)

Lunar rock; chiefly anorthosite, basalt, and breccia (plagioclase-rich CaAl2Si2O8)

Chert Pebble with Quartz Veining

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O)