Sedimentary (Secondary Mineral Formation)

Orange Calcite

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Rhodochrosite

Manganese Carbonate (MnCO3)

Jasper

Silicon dioxide (SiO2)

Limonite (Iron Ore)

Limonite (an amorphous mixture of hydrated iron oxides, primarily FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Ferruginous Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite/Limonite impurities

Yellow Quartz (Iron-stained Quartz)

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2) with Hematite/Limonite impurities

Native Copper

Native Copper (Cu)

Specular Hematite (Specularite)

Iron Oxide (Fe2O3)

Turquoise and Hematite

Turquoise (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O) and Hematite (Fe2O3)

Basalt

Basalt (Aphanitic Mafic Igneous Rock)

Turquoise

Turquoise (Hydrated copper aluminum phosphate, CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O)

Limonite (Iron Ore)

Hydrated Iron(III) Oxide-Hydroxide (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Milky Quartz

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Fossilized Dinosaur Skull (Tyrannosaurus rex)

Tyrannosaurus rex (permineralized fossil), rich in Hydroxylapatite/Silica

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite inclusions

Ferruginous Siltstone or Mudstone

Ferruginous Siltstone / Goethitic Sandstone

Veined Limestone (Micrite) with Quartz/Calcite Veins

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) with Silicate or Carbonate inclusions

Turquoise

Turquoise - CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Turquoise

Hydrous phosphate of copper and aluminium - CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Chert with Quartz Veining

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Green Apophyllite and Stilbite on Quartz Cluster

Apophyllite-(K) (KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH)·8H2O), Stilbite-Ca (NaCa4(Si27Al9)O72·28H2O), Quartz (SiO2)

Carnelian (Chalcedony)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with trace Iron Oxide

Limonite (Ironstone)

Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Blue Apatite

Apatite - Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions

Clear Quartz (Rock Crystal)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Geode (Chert or Quartz Nodule)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Petrified Dinosaur Bone (Gembone)

Agatized Dinosaur Bone

Basalt with Quartz Veining

Basalt (Mafic Extrusive Igneous Rock) with SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide) veins

Chert / Flint

Cryptocrystalline quartz (SiO2)

Quartz (Milky/Common Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium [CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O]

Turquoise

CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O (Hydrated copper and aluminium phosphate)

Azurite-Malachite (often a mixed specimen)

Azurite: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2; Malachite: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2. The specimen appears to be a natural mixture or intergrowth of these two minerals.

Banded Agate

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Banded Chert

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2 with iron oxide Fe2O3 cement)

Mookaite Jasper

Radiolarite (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Native Copper

Native Copper (Cu)

Banded Iron Formation

Banded Iron Formation (BIF)

Moss Agate

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with inclusions of Manganese or Iron oxides

Pyrite (Fool's Gold)

Iron Sulfide (FeS2)