Sedimentary (Synthetic)

Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities

Opal ring

Common opal, likely synthetic or assembled blue-green opal (hydrated amorphous silica, SiO₂·nH₂O)

Polished hematite

Hematite (Fe₂O₃), likely a tumbled iron-oxide specimen

Opal stud earrings

Opal, hydrated amorphous silica (SiO₂·nH₂O)

Opalite

Synthetic glass (SiO2 + impurities)

Red gemstone, likely ruby

Corundum (Al₂O₃), colored red by chromium

Red faceted gemstone, likely synthetic ruby

Corundum (Al₂O₃); ruby when red, possibly laboratory-grown

Painted River Rock

Artificially Coated Sedimentary Rock

Gemstone ring (stones not identifiable from image)

Unknown; the ring appears to contain two yellow stones and one colorless stone, possibly faceted gemstones or simulants

Gemstone rings (stones not reliably identifiable)

The pale stone may be quartz or another translucent gem; the red stone may be ruby, garnet, or synthetic corundum. Image detail is insufficient for identification.

Blue cabochon gemstone ring

Uncertain; likely blue sapphire (corundum, Al₂O₃), blue topaz, or synthetic glass/spinel

Rock Crystal (Clear Quartz)

Silicon dioxide (SiO2)

Hematite cameo or hematine imitation

Hematite (Fe₂O₃); possibly synthetic hematine or black glass

Red gemstone ring, likely ruby or synthetic ruby

Corundum (Al₂O₃), chromium-colored; the image alone cannot confirm whether it is natural or synthetic

Blue crystal pendant (likely blue glass or synthetic crystal)

Not identifiable from the image; possibly synthetic quartz or glass, rather than a natural mineral

Opalite

Synthetic Opalite Glass / Opalized Glass

Hematite

Hematite (Fe₂O₃), likely a polished specular hematite palm stone

Red faceted gemstone, likely synthetic ruby

Corundum (Al₂O₃); ruby is red chromium-bearing corundum

Ruby ring

Corundum (Al₂O₃), red variety colored mainly by chromium

Banded Black Onyx (Chalcedony)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂)

Bituminous Coal

Organic-rich sedimentary rock (Complex hydrocarbons)

Emerald

Beryl (Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)‑₆) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities

Clear faceted gemstone in an ornate metal bracelet

Unidentified transparent faceted stone; possibilities include quartz (SiO₂), zircon (ZrSiO₄), or glass—image alone cannot distinguish them

Cubic Zirconia (Jewelry Setting)

Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Emerald

Beryl, Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)₆, colored green mainly by chromium and/or vanadium

Gemstone Ring

Various (Likely Glass, Cubic Zirconia, or assorted semi-precious stones)

Red gemstone ring, likely synthetic ruby or red glass

Unidentified red faceted stone; ruby is corundum (Al₂O₃)

Red cabochon gemstone ring (likely ruby or red spinel; identity unconfirmed)

Possibly corundum (ruby, Al₂O₃) or spinel (MgAl₂O₄); visual identification alone cannot distinguish these from glass or synthetic stones.

Small colored gemstone or glass cabochons (uncertain)

Not identifiable from the image; the pieces may be colored glass or synthetic stones rather than natural minerals.

Anthracite Coal

Anthracite (Carbon ≥ 86%)

Opalite

Man-made opalescent glass (SiO2 + metal oxides)

Red faceted gemstone, likely synthetic ruby

Corundum (Al₂O₃), chromium-colored; possibly flame-fusion synthetic ruby

Ruby (Raw Corundum)

Al2O3 (Aluminum Oxide)

Cubic Zirconia and Synthetic Ruby Jewelry

Cubic Zirconia (ZrO2) and Synthetic Corundum (Al2O3)

Opal

Hydrated amorphous form of silica (SiO2·nH2O)

White Opal

Hydrated Amorphous Silica (SiO2·nH2O)

Assorted gemstone jewelry

Mixed natural and synthetic gemstone cabochons and faceted stones; individual species cannot be determined reliably from this image

Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3)

Red faceted gemstone, possibly synthetic ruby or red glass

Unidentified red gem; ruby is corundum (Al₂O₃), while glass is amorphous silicate

Blue-green faceted pendant stone

Undetermined; possibly synthetic glass or a blue-green gemstone such as topaz or quartz

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely cubic zirconia

Synthetic cubic zirconia (ZrO₂), tentative; possibly diamond or synthetic moissanite

Faceted purple-blue beads, likely synthetic glass or treated gemstone

Indeterminate; possible synthetic corundum, synthetic spinel, or dyed quartz (SiO₂)