Synthetic (Ceramic)

Lepidolite

K(Li,Al)3(Al,Si,3O10)(F,OH)2

Quartzite Pebble

Quartzite (SiO2)

Milky Quartz

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide - SiO2)

Milky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Opalite

Synthetic glass / Opaque silicious glass

Black faceted gemstone, possibly black spinel or synthetic material

Undetermined from image; candidates include spinel (MgAl₂O₄) or black sapphire (corundum, Al₂O₃)

Tumbled magnetite (likely)

Magnetite, Fe₃O₄

Iron-rich concretion or weathered ironstone

Limonite/goethite-rich ironstone; commonly hydrated iron oxides, chiefly FeO(OH)·nH₂O

Tumbled pink quartz (likely rose quartz)

Rose quartz, quartz (SiO₂), commonly colored by trace elements and microscopic inclusions

Goethite / Limonite Concretion

Iron Hydroxide Oxide (FeO(OH))

Pink potassium feldspar (orthoclase/microcline)

KAlSi₃O₈; likely massive potassium feldspar, possibly with quartz

Pink feldspar fragment

Likely potassium feldspar (orthoclase or microcline), KAlSi₃O₈

Silty Sand / Loam

Unconsolidated Clastic Sediment (Silicon Dioxide / Alumino-silicates mixture)

Milky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Polished magnetite-rich ironstone (possible magnetite pebble)

Magnetite, Fe₃O₄; possibly magnetite-bearing basalt or ironstone

Weathered iron-rich rock, possibly laterite or limonite-bearing quartzite

Limonite/goethite mixture, commonly FeO(OH)·nH₂O, with possible quartz and iron oxides

Iron-rich jasper / hematite-bearing breccia

Ferruginous jasper, chiefly microcrystalline SiO₂ with hematite/goethite (Fe₂O₃/FeO(OH)) and possible limonite

Limonite/Hematite Ironstone

Goethite-rich Ironstone (FeO(OH) · nH2O)

Pyrite-bearing Schist

Pyritic Quartz-Mica Schist with FeS2 inclusion

Red faceted gemstone, likely synthetic ruby

Corundum (Al₂O₃), chromium-colored; possibly flame-fusion synthetic ruby

Ruby (Raw Corundum)

Al2O3 (Aluminum Oxide)

Faceted clear gemstone ring, likely quartz or glass imitation

Unidentified colorless faceted material; quartz (SiO₂) is possible, but the image cannot distinguish it from glass or another gem

Faceted clear gemstone in a gold-colored ring

Unidentified colorless faceted gem; possibly quartz, glass, or another transparent gem material

Faceted clear gemstone in a gold-colored setting

Unidentified transparent faceted stone; possibly quartz, glass, or another colorless gem

Red gemstone ring, likely synthetic ruby or red glass

Unidentified red faceted stone; ruby is corundum (Al₂O₃)

Red cabochon gemstone ring (likely ruby or red spinel; identity unconfirmed)

Possibly corundum (ruby, Al₂O₃) or spinel (MgAl₂O₄); visual identification alone cannot distinguish these from glass or synthetic stones.

Small colored gemstone or glass cabochons (uncertain)

Not identifiable from the image; the pieces may be colored glass or synthetic stones rather than natural minerals.

Pearl (Imitation / Cultured Pearl)

Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) with conchiolin (or synthetic glass/plastic imitation)

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely cubic zirconia

Synthetic cubic zirconia (ZrO₂), tentative; possibly diamond or synthetic moissanite

Faceted purple-blue beads, likely synthetic glass or treated gemstone

Indeterminate; possible synthetic corundum, synthetic spinel, or dyed quartz (SiO₂)

Cubic Zirconia and Synthetic Ruby Jewelry

Cubic Zirconia (ZrO2) and Synthetic Corundum (Al2O3)

Red faceted gemstone, possibly synthetic ruby or red glass

Unidentified red gem; ruby is corundum (Al₂O₃), while glass is amorphous silicate

Opalite

Synthetic glass / Simulated opal

Opalite

Synthetic glass (Opalite simulant)

Opalite

Synthetic Glass (Simulated Opal)

Diamond (or Diamond Simulant)

C (Carbon) or synthetic equivalent

Opalite

Synthetic glass / Opalized glass

Opalite

Synthetic Glass (Simulated Opal)

Opalite Egg

Synthetic Glass (Simulated Opal)

Opalite

Synthetic Glass (SiO2 + impurities)

Opalite

Synthetic Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Pyrite (fool’s gold)

Iron disulfide, FeS₂; commonly a massive or granular sulfide specimen