Synthetic (Not A Rock Or Mineral)

Lapis Lazuli

Na8(Al6Si6O24)S2 (composed primarily of Lazurite, Calcite, and Pyrite)

Polished fossiliferous limestone

Bioclastic carbonate rock, primarily calcite (CaCO₃)

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (Complex aggregate mainly of Lazurite: (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2)

Ruby (faceted gemstone in a ring)

Corundum, Al₂O₃; red color typically from trace chromium

Faceted Diamond or Cubic Zirconia

Carbon (C) for Diamond; Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) for CZ

Clear faceted gemstone in a metal jewelry setting (likely imitation glass or cubic zirconia)

Unidentified transparent faceted stone; possibly cubic zirconia (ZrO₂) or glass

Borosilicate Glass (Manufactured)

SiO2 + B2O3 (Silicon dioxide and Boron trioxide)

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (Rock composed primarily of Lazurite (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2, Calcite, and Pyrite)

Likely metamorphic schist

Mica schist, probably quartz–biotite schist

Lapis lazuli

Lapis lazuli; primarily lazurite (Na₃Ca(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂S), with calcite and pyrite

Diamond (or Cubic Zirconia simulant)

Carbon (C) / Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2 if synthetic)

Opalite

Man-made opalized glass

Ruby

Corundum (Al2O3 with Chromium traces)

Blue topaz-style pendant (stone identity uncertain)

Possibly blue topaz (Al₂SiO₄(F,OH)₂); the image cannot confirm whether the stone is natural or synthetic

Tumbled tiger’s-eye

Quartz variety, fibrous golden-brown SiO₂ (pseudomorphic quartz after crocidolite)

Bismuth

Bismuth (Bi)

Black faceted gemstone, likely spinel or black tourmaline

Most plausibly black spinel (MgAl₂O₄); visually similar possibilities include schorl tourmaline (NaFe₃Al₆(BO₃)₃Si₆O₁₈(OH)₄) or synthetic glass

Man-made Jewelry Charm (Enameled Metal)

Not a natural mineral; composed of base metal alloy (likely zinc or brass) and epoxy resin/enamel.

Diamond (or Cubic Zirconia simulant)

Carbon (C) / Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2)

Green cabochon gemstone pendant, likely turquoise or dyed green turquoise

Probably turquoise, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O; exact identification requires testing

Turquoise

Hydrated copper aluminum phosphate, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Lapidary Wax (imitation/wax model)

Hydrocarbon wax blend with colorant (imitating Lapis Lazuli/Emerald)

Likely clear quartz crystal (possibly cut/polished quartz or glass imitation)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Hematite bead bracelet

Hematite (Fe₂O₃), likely polished or magnetically enhanced beads

Blue glassy mineral fragment, possibly sodalite or dyed/cobalt glass

Uncertain; likely sodalite (Na₈Al₆Si₆O₂₄Cl₂) if natural, but vivid blue color may indicate cobalt-colored glass

Faceted colorless gemstone, likely quartz or glass imitation

Most plausibly rock crystal (quartz, SiO₂); identity is uncertain because the photograph shows only intense facet reflections

Bauxite (Laterite Clay)

Bauxite (mixture of Hydrous Aluminum Oxides: Gibbsite Al(OH)3, Boehmite and Diaspore AlO(OH))

Goldstone

Man-made glass infused with copper crystals

Opalite

Opalescent Glass (SiO2 + coloring agents)

Sapphire (likely blue synthetic sapphire or blue glass in a ring)

Corundum (Al₂O₃), specifically the blue variety due to trace amounts of iron and titanium impurities. If synthetic, it would still be Al₂O₃.

Blue Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3 with Cr, Fe, and Ti trace elements)

Malachite

Copper carbonate hydroxide [Cu2CO3(OH)2]

Emerald (green gemstone) pendant

Emerald, green variety of beryl (Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈); stones appear to be faceted and set in jewelry

Quartz (Druzy Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Marine gastropod shell

Calcium-carbonate shell, primarily aragonite; species cannot be determined from the image

Fossilized ammonite

Ammonoidea (likely a small, chambered ammonite fossil)

Hematite

Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (Primary mineral: Lazurite, (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2)

Lapis Lazuli

Lazurite-rich metamorphic rock ((Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2)

Diamond (or Cubic Zirconia)

Carbon (C) or Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Limonite (Yellow Ochre)

Hydrated Iron Oxide (FeO(OH)·nH2O)