Synthetic Polymer (Polylactic Acid)

Beads (likely glass or man-made material)

N/A (artificial material)

Amber

Succinite (Formula: C10H16O)

Opal cabochon

Opal, hydrated amorphous silica (SiO₂·nH₂O), likely common or Ethiopian precious opal

Botryoidal hematite (specular hematite)

Hematite, Fe₂O₃

Staurolite (Cross Stone)

Staurolite (Fe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH))

Chalcanthite

Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O)

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Smoky Quartz

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Rose Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with trace amounts of titanium, iron, or manganese

Ruby

Corundum (Al2O3) with Chromium traces

Blue Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3)

Rough Corundum (likely Sapphire or Common Corundum)

Aluminum oxide (Al2O3)

Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6)

Amber

Fossilized tree resin; primarily polymerized terpenoid resin (succinite)

Blue resin-coated or dyed stone cabochon

Likely dyed chalcedony/agate (microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂); exact material is uncertain from the image

Black spinel bead bracelet

Spinel (magnesium aluminate), MgAl₂O₄

Composite Turquoise or Reconstituted Turquoise with Copper inclusions

CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O (Turquoise) mixed with matrix and copper/bronze flakes

Lapis Lazuli (in Matrix)

Na8[Al6Si6O24]S2 (Lazurite as the primary component)

Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities

Polished amber

Fossilized tree resin; chiefly polymerized diterpenoid resin (succinite when Baltic-type)

Amber cabochon or polished amber-like material

Amber (fossilized plant resin), chiefly C10H16O; possibly resin imitation

Polished fossil-bearing amber cabochon (likely insect inclusion)

Fossilized plant resin; commonly Dominican or Baltic amber, chemically a complex diterpenoid resin

Amber (likely Baltic amber)

Fossilized tree resin; chiefly polymerized diterpenoid resin (succinite)

Polished amber fragment

Amber (fossilized plant resin), chiefly polymerized diterpenoid resin

Amber (likely beach-worn amber or resinous material)

Fossilized plant resin; predominantly organic terpenoid polymers (succinite)

Emerald (likely faceted gemstone)

Beryl, Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈; green color typically from chromium and/or vanadium

Lapis Lazuli

Lazurite-dominant rock, (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(SO4,S,Cl)2

Apatite

Apatite group mineral (e.g., Fluorapatite - Ca5(PO4)3F, Chlorapatite - Ca5(PO4)3Cl, Hydroxylapatite - Ca5(PO4)3(OH))

Dyed turquoise bead

Turquoise, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O; likely stabilized or reconstructed turquoise

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Smoky Quartz

Silicon dioxide with aluminum impurities (SiO2)

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Faceted yellow gemstone, likely citrine

Citrine (quartz), SiO₂; possibly yellow sapphire or synthetic glass without testing

Polished amber-like resin specimen

Likely copal or amber (fossilized plant resin), possibly with a dark inclusion

Tumbled amber-like specimen

Amber (fossilized tree resin), commonly succinite; identification uncertain from image

Azurite-Malachite (often a mixed specimen)

Azurite: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2; Malachite: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2. The specimen appears to be a natural mixture or intergrowth of these two minerals.

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely glass or cubic zirconia

Uncertain; possible cubic zirconia (zirconium dioxide, ZrO₂) or synthetic glass

Opalite

Man-made synthetic glass with opalescent effects (SiO2 + metal oxides)

Diamond

Native Carbon (C)

Honey-colored amber (likely copal or amber fragment)

Amber: fossilized plant resin; commonly succinite (C₁₀H₁₆O)

Mixed gemstone jewelry collection

Various gemstone minerals, including likely amethyst (quartz), sapphire or iolite, garnet, pearl, turquoise, and colored beryl or tourmaline

Diamond

Diamond (C - Pure Carbon)