Man Made Material

Green aventurine cabochon (likely)

Quartzite/aventurine quartz, predominantly SiO₂ with possible fuchsite mica

Sodalite beads

Sodalite, Na₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)Cl₂

Slate

Foliated Metamorphic Rock (primarily composed of quartz, illite, and chlorite)

Schist

Schist (various mineral compositions)

Weathered quartz-rich rock, possibly milky quartz or quartz-bearing granite

Quartz (SiO₂), potentially with feldspar and iron-oxide staining

Red jasper

Jasper (microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂), iron-oxide-rich variety

Red jasper / iron-rich chert

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂) colored by hematite/goethite

Dark coarse-grained rock, likely basalt or gabbro

Basalt (fine-grained) or gabbro (coarse-grained), composed mainly of plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene

Diamond

C (Native Carbon)

Diamond

Natural Diamond (Carbon, C)

Specular Hematite (Specularite)

Iron Oxide (Fe2O3)

Quartzite

Metamorphic Quartzite (SiO2)

Quartz (likely Milky Quartz or Chalcedony)

Quartz (SiO2 - Silicon Dioxide)

Likely basalt with a pale mineral-filled vesicle

Vesicular basalt, probably containing calcite or zeolite (uncertain from image)

Chert or Chalcedony

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 principal)

Sandstone (likely Quartzose Sandstone)

Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2)

Rough turquoise-bearing rock (probable turquoise matrix)

Turquoise, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O, likely in a host-rock matrix

Tumbled blue-dyed stone, likely basalt or blue aventurine

Likely fine-grained basalt (plagioclase and pyroxene), possibly coated or dyed; exact identification requires testing

Orbicular jasper (orbicular chert), likely ocean jasper

Silicified microcrystalline quartz (chalcedony), SiO₂, with iron-oxide and/or clay-rich orbicules

Swirled Agate Bead

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Quartz

Quartz (SiO2 - Silicon Dioxide)

Diamond (or Diamond Simulant)

Carbon (C)

Green Slag Glass

Amorphous Silica / Glassy Blast Furnace Slag

Rounded quartz-rich beach pebble

Likely quartzite or quartz-rich sandstone; predominantly quartz (SiO₂)

Diamond (Cut Gemstone)

Natural Carbon (C)

White chalcedony or quartz-rich pebble

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), possibly with minor calcite or feldspar

Slag

Anthropogenic Vitrophyre (Iron or Smelting Slag)

Amethyst Geode/Cluster

Quartz (SiO2) - variety Amethyst

Coquina / Fossiliferous Limestone

Fossiliferous Limestone (Calcite, CaCO3)

Tumbled or rough turquoise-like specimen

Turquoise, hydrated copper aluminum phosphate — CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O; identification is uncertain from the image

Pearl (Biogenic Mineraloid)

Calcium carbonate (Aragonite) and Conchiolin, CaCO3

Agate (or Banded Agate)

Agate (a variety of Chalcedony, which is a cryptocrystalline form of Quartz); Chemical Formula: SiO₂ (Silicon Dioxide)

Fluorite (likely)

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Granodiorite with Quartz Veining

Granodiorite (containing Plagioclase Feldspar, Quartz, and Biotite/Hornblende) with Quartz (SiO2) veins

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium [CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O]

Tumbled carnelian/chalcedony

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), likely iron-stained chalcedony

Rough Quartz (Alluvial Pebbles)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Granite

Phaneritic Igneous Rock (primarily Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)

Iron-rich jasper / hematite-bearing breccia

Ferruginous jasper, chiefly microcrystalline SiO₂ with hematite/goethite (Fe₂O₃/FeO(OH)) and possible limonite

Milky quartz (rough quartz crystal)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Sandstone (likely a river or beach pebble)

Sandstone (a clastic sedimentary rock)