Mineral Byproduct (Anthropogenic)

Note: Item is not a geological specimen

Polyester mesh and Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) polymer

Mixed beach-stone and tumbled-glass collection

Predominantly uncertain rocks (likely basalt, granite, and quartz-bearing stones) with anthropogenic glass; one possible banded agate or jasper

Synthetic Zinc/Polycarbonate Composite (Bey-specimen)

Zinc Alloy (Zamak 3) with Polycarbonate (C15H16O2)n Overlay

Build-A-Bear Plush (Non-Geological)

Polyester fibers (C10H8O4)n and Synthetic Polymers

Asphalt (Road Aggregate)

Bituminous Conglomerate / Asphalt Concrete

South Korean 100 Won Coin (Cupronickel)

Cupronickel Alloy (75% Cu, 25% Ni)

Asphalt Concrete (Bituminous Pavement)

Aggregates in Bitumen Matrix

Asphalt (Bituminous Concrete)

Bituminous mix containing aggregates and petroleum-based binder (CnH2n+2)

Concrete

Hydrated Portland Cement Aggregate Composite

Transit Token (RTD Denver)

Nickel-plated brass or bronze alloy (Cu-Sn-Zn-Ni)

Clay Brick

Ceramic structural unit (Al2O3·2SiO2·2H2O as precursor)

Concrete with Aggregate

Composite construction material; primary matrix is Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C-S-H)

Iron-rich slag or ironstone; appearance is not diagnostic

Likely iron-oxide-rich material (hematite, Fe₂O₃, and/or magnetite, Fe₃O₄); possibly smelting slag

Sea Glass (Teal/Turquoise)

Amorphous Silica (SiO2) with trace metal oxides

Concrete Fragment

Hardened Portland Cement Composite

Likely iron-rich slag or weathered ironstone fragment

Uncertain; possibly iron oxide–rich material (hematite/goethite) or industrial iron slag

Cullet Glass (Industrial Slag Glass)

Amorphous Silica (SiO2) with metallic oxide impurities

Likely iron-rich slag or weathered ironstone

Hematite–goethite-rich material (Fe₂O₃/FeO(OH)); possibly industrial iron slag

Blue slag-like mineral specimen, possibly bornite or chalcopyrite

Tentatively bornite (Cu5FeS4) or iridescent chalcopyrite (CuFeS2)

Carborundum (Silicon Carbide)

Silicon carbide (SiC)

Carved pyrite frog or toad

Pyrite (iron disulfide, FeS₂), likely a carved massive aggregate

Likely iron-rich rock or weathered metallic mineral fragment

Uncertain; possibly limonite/goethite or iron-bearing slag

Orange glassy slag (industrial by-product)

Iron-rich silicate glass; composition varies, commonly Fe–Ca–Al silicate

Ferrous Slag

Iron/Steel Slag (Complex Calcium-Alumino-Silicates)

Cullet Glass (Slag Glass)

Amorphous Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with metallic oxide impurities

Obsidian Arrowhead

Obsidian (Volcanic Glass)

Cobalt Glass Slug (Cullet)

Man-made Silicate Glass with Cobalt Oxide (CoO)

Cullet Glass (Slag Glass)

Amorphous Silicon Dioxide (Industrial Byproduct)

Cullet (Slag Glass)

Amorphous Silica (Industrial byproduct)

Green Glass Slag

Amorphous Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with metal oxide impurities

Cullet Glass (Slag Glass)

Amorphous Silicon Dioxide (Industrial Man-made)

Slag Glass (Cullet)

Amorphous Silica (man-made), primarily SiO2 with trace metal oxides

Ferruginous Slag (Iron Smelting Byproduct)

Fused Silicate Scoria (Amorphous mixture of FeO, SiO2, and CaO)

Slag (Industrial Glass/Metal Waste)

Artificial silicate/ferro-silicate byproduct

Cullet Glass (sometimes mistaken for Blue Obsidian or Slag)

Amorphous Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with chemical additives (e.g., Cobalt for blue color)

Ferrochrome Slag

Industrial Glassy Slag (Fe-Cr alloy byproduct)