Mineral Simulant (Synthetic Glass)

Cubic Zirconia

Cubic Zirconia (Zirconium Dioxide, ZrO2)

Blue Goldstone

Synthetic Avanturine Glass (or Aventurine Glass)

Faceted Diamond or Cubic Zirconia

Carbon (C) for Diamond; Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) for CZ

Faceted purple-blue beads, likely synthetic glass or treated gemstone

Indeterminate; possible synthetic corundum, synthetic spinel, or dyed quartz (SiO₂)

Moonstone cabochon ring

Adularia moonstone, potassium feldspar (orthoclase, KAlSi₃O₈), possibly imitation or another white translucent gemstone

Ruby (Raw Corundum)

Al2O3 (Aluminum Oxide)

Opalite

Synthetic Glass (Silica-based)

Opaline Glass (Opalite)

Synthetic Silicon Dioxide Glass

Rainbow Hematite / Magnetic Hematite

Iron oxide (Fe2O3) - often synthetic/coated for beads

Red gemstone ring, likely garnet or synthetic ruby

Possibly almandine garnet (Fe₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃) or corundum/ruby (Al₂O₃); image alone cannot distinguish

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Strawberry Quartz and Rose Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with inclusions

Serpentinite

Serpentine group minerals (Mg, Fe, Ni, Al, Zn, Mn)2-3(Si, Al, Fe)2O5(OH)4

Cubic Zirconia

Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2)

Serpentine

Antigorite/Lizardite/Chrysotile group, Mg3Si2O5(OH)4

Serpentinite

Serpentinite (Mg, Fe, Ni, Al, Zn, Mn)2-3(Si, Al, Fe)2O5(OH)4

Milky Quartz

Crystalline Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Polished purple gemstone, likely amethyst

Amethyst: purple quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Blue-and-white opalite sphere

Opalite (commercial synthetic or glass-based imitation; not true opal), typically silica glass or synthetic opalescent material

Diamond (or Diamond Simulant)

Carbon (C)

Opalite

Man-made opalescent glass

Pink quartz (likely rose quartz)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂), likely rose quartz; possibly lab-created or treated

Serpentine

Antigorite/Chrysotile/Lizardite mixture (Mg,Fe)3Si2O5(OH)4

Blue aventurine quartz (likely)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂), probably blue aventurine variety

Blue slag glass / industrial glass fragment

Artificial silicate glass, composition variable; likely copper- or cobalt-colored furnace slag

Ruby ring

Corundum (Al₂O₃), red variety colored mainly by chromium

Goldstone (likely blue-free synthetic goldstone pendant)

Synthetic aventurine glass; silica glass with dispersed metallic copper crystals

Tumbled opalite (likely synthetic glass)

Opalite; typically man-made opalescent soda-lime glass, not a recognized mineral species

Black cabochon pendant, likely onyx or black glass

Most likely black chalcedony (microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂); the surrounding stones may be cubic zirconia or glass

Green faceted gemstone, likely synthetic glass or chrome-dyed stone

Undetermined; possibilities include green tourmaline, synthetic emerald, glass, or dyed quartz

Artisanal Glass Beads (Simulated Goldstone or Aventurine Glass)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with metallic inclusions

Gemstone ring (stones not reliably identifiable from the image)

Likely faceted yellow stones and clear stones set in a metal band; species and treatments are indeterminate visually

Silicon Carbide (Carborundum)

Silicon Carbide (SiC)

Opalite

Man-made opalescent glass (SiO2 + metal oxides)

Cut gemstone, likely diamond

Diamond (crystalline carbon, C)

Blue Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3)

Raw ruby (corundum)

Ruby variety of corundum, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), colored chiefly by chromium

Blue glassy mineral specimen, possibly dyed or synthetic

Uncertain; possible blue fluorite (CaF₂), dyed chalcedony, or man-made glass

Faceted quartz crystal sphere (likely rock crystal)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Tumbled Clear Quartz and Citrine Points

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Amethyst cabochon

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂), purple variety colored mainly by iron impurities and irradiation

Opalite

Synthetic Glass (typically Silica/Magnesium based with metal additives)