Mineralogical Simulant

Iron-rich weathered stone, possibly hematite-rich ironstone

Hematite/goethite-bearing ironstone; predominantly Fe₂O₃ and FeO(OH)

Rhodonite-bearing metamorphic rock

Manganese-rich metamorphic rock, chiefly rhodonite (MnSiO₃), with quartz and manganese oxides

Weathered granite pebble

Granite, chiefly quartz (SiO₂), feldspar, and mica/amphibole

Schist

Schist (various mineralogical compositions including mica, chlorite, talc, etc.)

Granite (Dioritic or Hornblende-rich)

Phaneritic Plutonic Felsic to Intermediate Igneous Rock

Fossilized bivalve shell

Bivalvia indeterminate; likely a preserved clam or cockle shell, composed mainly of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃)

Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3)

Likely weathered iron-rich sandstone or laterite

Ferruginous sandstone; predominantly quartz (SiO₂) cemented or stained by iron oxides such as hematite (Fe₂O₃) and goethite (FeO(OH))

Iron-stained sandstone

Quartz arenite or lithic sandstone, variably cemented by iron oxides

Drill Core Sample

Cylindrical Rock Core (Specific mineralogy varies by extraction site)

Diamond (in Jewelry)

Diamond (Carbon, C)

Chrysoprase- or serpentine-bearing quartz vein with pyrite

Quartz (SiO₂) with iron sulfide, chiefly pyrite (FeS₂), in altered Mg-rich rock; green material may be serpentine or nickel-bearing chalcedony

Granite

Felsic intrusive igneous rock

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely cubic zirconia

Cubic zirconia (zirconium dioxide, ZrO₂); visual confirmation is unavailable

Weathered iron-rich concretion or breccia

Goethite/hematite-bearing limonite concretion, possibly ferruginous sandstone

Weathered iron-rich sandstone or ironstone

Ferruginous sandstone, likely limonite/goethite-cemented quartz arenite

Diamond (or high-quality simulant like Cubic Zirconia)

Carbon (C) - Native Element

Dyed Pink Quartzite (Jadeite Simulant)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with organic dye

Orbicular basalt (amygdaloidal basalt)

Basalt, commonly with iron-oxide–stained amygdules; matrix chiefly plagioclase, pyroxene, and often olivine

Hypersthene

(Mg,Fe)SiO3 - Enstatite-Ferrosilite series

Iron-rich weathered rock, possibly limonite/goethite-bearing ore

Limonite (hydrated iron oxides; chiefly goethite, FeO(OH), with hematite and other oxides possible)

Weathered quartz-rich rock, possibly chert or quartzite

Indeterminate; likely microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), possibly quartzite or chert

Likely metallic meteorite fragment

Undetermined iron or stony-iron meteorite; mineralogy requires testing

Brick

Fired clay or Ceramic material (no specific mineralogical scientific name as it's a composite)

Sea stack

Likely resistant basaltic to andesitic volcanic rock

Granite

Granite

Chert (specifically Silex or Flint)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Rounded iron-rich concretion or weathered lateritic pebble

Goethite/hematite-bearing ferruginous concretion; exact mineralogy requires testing

Concretion (likely iron-rich sandstone or claystone concretion)

Diagenetic carbonate/iron-oxide concretion; exact mineralogy requires testing

Desert Rose Fragment (Atypical) / Weathered Chert

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) or Barium Sulfate (BaSO4) depending on exact mineralogy

Banded Gneiss

Gneiss (Metamorphic rock of variable mineralogy, often quartz-feldspar base)

Ocean Jasper (Orbicular Jasper)

Silica (SiO2) with varied mineral inclusions

Jade

Jade can refer to two distinct minerals: Nephrite (a variety of the mineral actinolite, Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2) and Jadeite (Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6). Based on the image, showing a relatively uniform green color and possibly slight translucence in bead form, it is very likely one of these, but determining which one from a photo is difficult without specific testing.

Banded greenstone or altered basalt

Chlorite–epidote amphibolite/greenstone; exact identification requires testing

Opalite (a synthetic glass)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with various additives; not a true mineral but a man-made gem simulant

Diamond

C (Native Carbon)

Weathered foliated metamorphic rock, likely schist or gneiss

Micaceous quartz–feldspar metamorphic rock; exact mineralogy requires testing

Rose Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with trace amounts of titanium, iron, or manganese

Banded River Rock / Gneiss (highly weathered)

Gneiss

Prasiolite and Quartz Crystal Cluster

Quartz (SiO2); Prasiolite is a variety of Quartz

Diamond

C (Native Carbon)

Gneiss

Gneiss (a type of metamorphic rock)