Organic Gem Material (Botanical)

Tumbled orange-brown feldspathic rock, likely granite or weathered syenite

Feldspar-rich granitoid; chiefly K-feldspar and plagioclase with minor quartz and dark biotite/amphibole

Conglomeratic breccia

Clast-supported polymictic conglomerate/breccia, cemented by silica- or carbonate-rich matrix

Pegmatitic granite

Coarse-grained granite, chiefly quartz, feldspar, and mica; likely a granitic pegmatite

Olivine (Peridotite / Dunite Pebble)

(Mg,Fe)2SiO4 (Magnesium Iron Silicate)

Chrysocolla-bearing rock (likely chrysocolla in quartz/limonite matrix)

Chrysocolla, hydrated copper aluminosilicate: (Cu,Al)₂H₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O

Red synthetic corundum (ruby-colored lab-grown sapphire)

Corundum, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), likely synthetic and chromium-colored

Pearls

Aragonite (calcium carbonate) and Conchiolin

Tumbled chrysocolla beads

Chrysocolla, hydrated copper-aluminum silicate (approximately (Cu,Al)₂H₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O), commonly mixed with malachite or quartz

Cubic Zirconia (Set in Jewelry)

Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Titanium Quartz (Aura Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) treated with Titanium

Raw Amber / Resin Mineral

Succinite (Fossilized Tree Resin)

Turquoise in Matrix

CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Red Jasper

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2 with Iron Oxide impurities)

Red corundum (ruby-colored polished crystal)

Corundum, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃); red color is typically caused by chromium

Polished labradorite

Labradorite, Ca(Al2Si2O8)–NaAlSi3O8 (plagioclase feldspar)

Tumbled ruby-bearing corundum

Corundum (Al₂O₃), likely ruby variety

Amber

Succinite (specifically for Baltic amber); Complex mixture of organic compounds (C10H16O)

Amber

Fossilized Tree Resin (Amorphous Hydrocarbon)

Banded gneiss or gneissic schist

Quartz–feldspar–mica gneiss; exact mineral proportions require testing

Quartz-rich metamorphic rock, likely quartzite

Quartzite; predominantly microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), possibly with mica or feldspar

Chlorastrolite (Isle Royale Greenstone)

Chlorastrolite (Pumpellyite-(Mg,Fe2+): Ca2MgAl2(Si2O7)(SiO4)(OH)2∙H2O)

Red Jasper

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) with iron inclusions

Amber

Succinite (fossilized resin, C10H16O)

Olivine (Peridotite)

Magnesium iron silicate (Mg, Fe)2SiO4

Amber

Succinite (Fossilized Tree Resin)

Diamond

Carbon (C)

Banded Calcite (often sold as 'Green Onyx')

Calcite (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)

Vesicular basalt (likely weathered scoria)

Basaltic volcanic rock; chiefly plagioclase, clinopyroxene, and olivine with vesicles

Polished opal-like chalcedony

Cryptocrystalline silica, SiO₂; likely common opal or pale chalcedony, with identification limited by the photograph

Tumbled cream-colored stone, likely quartzite or limestone

Probably quartzite (microcrystalline SiO₂); limestone alternative: calcite (CaCO₃)

Chlorastrolite (Greenstone)

Chlorastrolite (variety of Pumpellyite) - Ca2(Mg,Fe)Al2(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2O

Amber

Succinite (organic fossilized resin)

Aquamarine (Small Beads)

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18 with traces of iron)

Olivine in Basalt

Peridotite / Forsterite ((Mg,Fe)2SiO4)

Chert Pebble

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Turquoise

Hydrated copper aluminum phosphate, CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Amber

Succinite (fossilized resin); C10H16O

Kyanite

Al2SiO5

Petrified Wood

Silicified wood (Quartz replacement, SiO2)

Mixed Mineral Collection

Multi-mineral Assemblage (Quartz, Jasper, Obsidian, Pyrite, etc.)

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂)

Peridot (Olivine)

Olivine ((Mg, Fe)2SiO4)