Sedimentary Or Metamorphic (Low Grade)

Grey and White Chert (Flint)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (varieties include Flint and Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Chert (Nodule)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Smoky Quartz

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide with aluminum impurities)

Sandstone (with cross-bedding)

Arenite (composed primarily of Quartz: SiO2)

Chert (variations include Flint/Novaculite)

Chert (formula: SiO2)

Banded Calcite (often marketed as Caribbean Calcite)

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) + Aragonite

Smoky Quartz

Smoky Quartz (Silicon Dioxide - SiO2)

Mica (Muscovite)

Muscovite, KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2

Opal

Hydrated Amorphous Silica (SiO2·nH2O)

Fossiliferous Brachiopod in Shale

Brachiopoda (Phylum) preserved in Carbonaceous Shale

Limonite (Iron Ore)

Hydrous ferric oxides (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Chert (Jasper-bearing)

Microcrystalline silica (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions

Yellow Quartz (Citrine Quartz variety / Ferruginous Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron inclusions

Tiger's Eye (Rough)

Pseudomorph of Quartz after Crocidolite (SiO2)

Dalmatian Stone

Peralkaline Quartz-Feldspar Porphyry with Arfvedsonite

Fluorite

Fluorite (Calcium Fluoride, CaF2)

Nephrite (a form of Jade)

Nephrite (a variety of the mineral actinolite, Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2)

Turquoise

CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O (Hydrated copper and aluminium phosphate)

Native Sulfur

Sulfur (S)

River Stone (likely Mudstone or Siltstone)

Lutite (Clastic sedimentary rock composed of clay and silt-sized particles)

Botryoidal Hematite (Iron Stone Conglomerate)

Hematite (Fe2O3) in sedimentary matrix

Magnetite

Magnetite (Fe3O4)

Precious Opal

Hydrated Silica (SiO2·nH2O)

Citrine Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Lapis Lazuli

Lazurite-rich metamorphic rock; (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2

Petrified Wood

Silicified Wood (SiO2 permineralization)

Sandstone (specifically Arkose or Ferruginous Sandstone)

Sandstone (SiO2 with iron oxide inclusions)

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Green Aventurine

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with inclusions of Fuchsite

Red Garnet

Almandine (Fe3Al2(SiO4)3) or Pyrope (Mg3Al2(SiO4)3)

Lapis Lazuli

Complex rock primarily of Lazurite ((Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(SO4,S,Cl,OH)2), with Pyrite and Calcite

Lapis Lazuli

Lazurite-rich metamorphic rock (approx. (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2)

Quartzite

Quartzite (primarily SiO2)

Banded Iron Formation (BIF) / Iron Ore

Banded Iron Formation (composed primarily of Hematite (Fe2O3) and Magnetite (Fe3O4) with Quartz/Chert)

Chalcedony (Moonstone-like Agate)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂)

Red Ochre (Hematite-rich Clay)

Limonitic/Hematitic Claystone (Fe2O3 with clay minerals)

Quartz crystal with Pyrite inclusions

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Iron Sulfide (FeS2)

Green Jasper

Jasper (variety of Microcrystalline Quartz, SiO2)

Banded Chert (Flint)

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Pyrite (Fool's Gold)

Iron Disulfide (FeS2)

Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) with trace Chromium/Vanadium