Synthetic (Glass)

Cubic Zirconia (Faceted)

Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2)

Cubic Zirconia (Simulated Diamond)

Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2)

Diamond

Carbon (C), Native Element

Cut red gemstone in a gold ring

Likely ruby (corundum, Al₂O₃), though red spinel or garnet is also possible from the image

Polished hematite

Hematite (Fe₂O₃), likely a tumbled iron-oxide specimen

Dyed Agate Geode

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with artificial pigment

Asphalt (Bituminous Concrete)

Bituminous mix / Anthropogenic conglomerate

Emerald (green gemstone) pendant

Emerald, green variety of beryl (Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈); stones appear to be faceted and set in jewelry

Dyed Purple Agate Sliced Tablet

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2), variety Chalcedony

Blue-green turquoise (probable)

Turquoise — hydrated copper aluminum phosphate, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Hematite

Iron(III) oxide, Fe2O3

Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) colored by Chromium and/or Vanadium

Larimar

Pectolite (NaCa2Si3O8(OH))

Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities

Hematite bead bracelet

Hematite (iron(III) oxide, Fe₂O₃), likely polished magnetic hematite or hematite-coated beads

Diamond ring

Diamond, crystalline carbon (C), likely colorless or near-colorless brilliant-cut stones set in gold

Pearl-embellished decorative cross

Pearl (biogenic calcium carbonate, predominantly aragonite) with rhinestone-mounted glass or synthetic gemstones

Ruby (Corundum)

Corundum (Aluminum Oxide with Chromium), Al2O3:Cr

Coal (Anthracite/Bituminous)

Carbo fossilium (primarily Carbon)

Diamond (or Cubic Zirconia simulant)

Carbon (C) - Diamond / Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) - CZ

Sandstone (likely Fossilized Wood or Concrete Simulacrum)

Arenite / Silicified Wood / Anthropogenic Concrete

Cubic Zirconia

Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Diamond (Baguette cut)

Carbon (C)

Aquamarine in Onyx / Blue Topaz Pendant

Beryl (Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈) or Topaz (Al₂SiO₄(F,OH)₂)

Ruby (Corundum)

Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) with Chromium traces

Faceted yellow gemstone ring

Likely yellow sapphire (corundum), but exact identification requires testing; alternatives include citrine, chrysoberyl, or treated diamond.

Likely colorless topaz

Topaz, Al₂SiO₄(F,OH)₂

Mixed gemstone specimens

Likely pink sapphire or tourmaline, red garnet, blue sapphire, precious opal, and green tourmaline/emerald; exact identities cannot be confirmed from the collage

Synthetic Blue Aura Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Metallic Infusion

Magnetite or Hematite-rich Ore

Magnetite (Fe3O4) or Hematite (Fe2O3)

Ruby

Corundum (Al2O3 with Chromium trace impurities)

Carborundum (Silicon Carbide)

Silicon Carbide (SiC)

Pink Cubic Zirconia (CZ)

Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Likely silicon carbide (carborundum)

Synthetic silicon carbide (SiC), likely blue-green crystalline grit

Painted River Rock

Anthropogenic-modified Siliciclastic Sedimentary Rock

Dyed Agate

Chalcedony (SiO2)

Bismuth crystal

Bismuth (Bi), synthetic laboratory-grown crystal

Build-A-Bear Plush (Non-Geological)

Polyester fibers (C10H8O4)n and Synthetic Polymers

White chalcedony (possibly milky quartz) cabochon

Chalcedony, microcrystalline SiO₂; appearance may also represent milky quartz or synthetic imitation

Polished turquoise cabochon pendant

Turquoise, hydrated copper-aluminum phosphate: CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O; likely stabilized or matrix-bearing material

Tumbled amber

Amber (fossilized plant resin; predominantly polymerized diterpenoid resin)

Ammolite

Biogenic gemstone (Aragonite, CaCO3)