Synthetic (Not A Rock Or Mineral)

Quartzite (Engineered Stone)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) based synthetic composite

Pegmatitic granite

Granite/pegmatite; predominantly quartz (SiO₂), feldspar, and mica

Faceted green gemstone, possibly peridot

Uncertain from the image; peridot is gem-quality olivine, (Mg,Fe)₂SiO₄

Blue-green faceted gemstone, likely turquoise or treated turquoise

Turquoise: hydrated copper–aluminum phosphate, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O; exact identification is uncertain from the image

Likely quartz-bearing rock or mineral fragment

Indeterminate; possibly quartz (SiO₂) with iron-oxide staining and darker matrix

Bauxite

AlOx(OH)3-2x (mixture of Gibbsite, Boehmite, and Diaspore)

Green faceted gemstone earrings, likely synthetic emerald-colored glass or cubic zirconia

Undetermined; possible glass (amorphous silicate) or synthetic cubic zirconia (ZrO₂)

Opalite

Synthetic Opalized Glass / Man-made Glass

Bauxite

Bauxite (Al(OH)3, AlO(OH))

Opalite

Synthetic Glass (Simulated Opal)

Lapis Lazuli (Tumbled Specimen)

Lapis Lazuli (Aggregate rock containing Lazurite: (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(SO4,S,Cl)2)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium [CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O]

Costume Jewelry with Synthetic Gemstones

Synthetic Cubic Zirconia and Glass (SiO2 / ZrO2)

Unidentified light-colored rock or mineral specimen

Indeterminate; possibly weathered calcite-rich material, limestone, or pale quartz-bearing rock

Dark fine-grained rock, likely basalt

Basalt; chiefly plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene, commonly with olivine and iron oxides

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (a rock composed primarily of Lazurite, Sodalite, Calcite, and Pyrite)

Cut red gemstone, likely ruby

Ruby, gem-quality corundum (Al₂O₃) colored by chromium

Red coral chip bracelet

Corallium spp.; skeleton composed primarily of calcium carbonate (aragonite)

Red cabochon gemstone ring (likely glass or synthetic stone)

Undetermined; the image does not establish a natural mineral identity

Bauxite

Aluminium ore (Hydrated aluminium oxides AlOx(OH)3-2x)

Lapis Lazuli (Tumbled Stone)

Na6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,S,Cl)2 (Lazulite-rich Metamorphic Rock)

Ruby / Red Corundum

Al2O3 (Aluminum Oxide with Chromium trace)

Opalite crescent pendant

Opalite (man-made opalescent glass; not a natural mineral)

Small clear crystal, possibly quartz or glass-like gemstone

Uncertain; likely quartz (SiO₂), but the image is insufficient to exclude man-made glass or cubic zirconia

Cubic Zirconia

Cubic Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Cubic Zirconia

Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2)

Goldstone (Red)

Aventurine Glass

Bauxite

Bauxite (Al(OH)3, AlO(OH))

Goldstone (Brown)

Aventurine glass

Polished ocean jasper (orbicular jasper) cabochon

Silicified rhyolite/chalcedony, chiefly microcrystalline SiO₂; exact variety cannot be confirmed from the image

Granite (rounded cobble)

Granite; chiefly quartz, potassium feldspar, plagioclase, and mica

Lapis Lazuli

Lazurite-dominated metamorphic rock ((Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(SO4,S,Cl)2)

Weathered iron-rich rock or concretion

Likely limonite/goethite-bearing concretion; exact identification requires testing

Gold-colored gemstone ring, likely citrine or glass imitation

Indeterminate from image; possible quartz (SiO₂) or yellow glass set in gold-colored metal

Blue glass-like gemstone specimen (likely dyed or synthetic quartz)

Uncertain; possibly blue-dyed quartz or synthetic glass, not confidently identifiable from the image

Pearl and Garnet Glass

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) for pearl; Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) for glass

Vesicular basalt (scoria-like volcanic rock)

Vesicular basalt; predominantly plagioclase, pyroxene, and volcanic glass, with possible iron oxides

Tumbled banded sandstone pebble

Quartz-rich sandstone (lithified siliciclastic sediment)

Weathered mafic metamorphic rock, likely amphibolite or hornblende gneiss

Amphibolite; primarily hornblende amphibole and plagioclase feldspar, with possible biotite, quartz, and iron oxides

Carborundum (Silicon Carbide)

Silicon Carbide (SiC)

Cubic Zirconia (Simulated Diamond)

Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2)

Bauxite

Bauxite (Mixture of Al(OH)3, AlO(OH), and Fe2O3)