Synthetic (Not A Rock Or Mineral)

Opalite (Synthetic Opalized Glass)

Synthetic Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) glass

Silicon Carbide (Carborundum)

Moissanite (SiC), though mostly synthetic

Blue opalite (often sold as synthetic opal)

Opalite glass; amorphous hydrated silica if natural opal (SiO₂·nH₂O)

Likely weathered pebble or mineral fragment

Indeterminate; possibly quartz-rich stone, iron-stained feldspar, or a small chert fragment

Dyed Agate Slice

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with artificial dyes

Diamond (or Cubic Zirconia)

Crystallized Carbon (C) for Diamond; Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2) for CZ

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Rough Citrine Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with ferric iron impurities

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Red glass-like crystal, likely synthetic ruby or red glass

Uncertain from image; possible corundum (ruby), Al₂O₃, or synthetic glass

Milky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Blue-green tumbled gemstone, likely turquoise or dyed turquoise

Turquoise: hydrated copper–aluminum phosphate, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O; identification is uncertain from the blurry image

Lapis Lazuli

Na8(Al6Si6O24)S2 (composed primarily of Lazurite, Calcite, and Pyrite)

Black Tourmaline

Schorl (Na(Fe²⁺)₃Al₆(BO₃)₃Si₆O₁₈(OH)₄)

Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3)

Blue Goldstone

Aventurine Glass

Zirconia (Ceramic) & Ion-X Glass

Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2) and Ion-strengthened Aluminosilicate Glass

Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities

White Opal

Hydrated Amorphous Silica (SiO2·nH2O)

Black spinel bead strand

Spinel, magnesium aluminum oxide (MgAl₂O₄)

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (Complex aggregate mainly of Lazurite: (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2)

Strawberry Quartz (Hematoid Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide with Iron Oxide inclusions (SiO2 + Fe2O3)

Aura Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Titanium/Metal vapor coating

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (Rock composed primarily of Lazurite (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2, Calcite, and Pyrite)

Lapis lazuli

Lapis lazuli; primarily lazurite (Na₃Ca(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂S), with calcite and pyrite

Polished fossiliferous limestone

Bioclastic carbonate rock, primarily calcite (CaCO₃)

Carborundum (Silicon Carbide)

Silicon carbide (SiC)

Emerald in Matrix

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities

Likely weathered iron-rich rock or mineral fragment

Indeterminate; possibly limonite/goethite-rich material with quartz or feldspar

Cubic Zirconia

Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Iron-rich weathered rock or limonite/goethite nodule

Limonite (mixture dominated by goethite, FeO(OH)·nH₂O), possibly with quartz or clay

Opalite

Synthetic Glass (Hydrated Crystalline Silicon Dioxide simulation)

Clear quartz crystal sphere

Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂)

Cubic Zirconia (as a jewelry specimen)

Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2)

Opalite

Synthetic Opalite Glass (Silicon Dioxide)

Gemstone jewelry ensemble

Likely mixed gemstone and glass-bead jewelry; exact stones cannot be determined from the image

Bauxite (Laterite Clay)

Bauxite (mixture of Hydrous Aluminum Oxides: Gibbsite Al(OH)3, Boehmite and Diaspore AlO(OH))

Polished ruby cabochon (likely synthetic or treated)

Corundum, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), colored red by chromium

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (Primary mineral: Lazurite, (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2)