Synthetic Glass

K2 Stone (or K2 Jasper)

Azurite-in-Granite (Potassium Feldspar, Quartz, Plagioclase, Muscovite, and Azurite)

Tumbled hematite

Hematite (iron(III) oxide, Fe₂O₃)

Diamond (Faceted Gemstone)

Native Carbon (C)

Blue faceted gemstones, likely blue sapphire

Corundum (Al₂O₃), blue varieties colored chiefly by iron and titanium

Pink faceted gemstone, likely synthetic cubic zirconia or pink sapphire

Uncertain from image; possible zirconium dioxide (cubic zirconia, ZrO₂) or corundum (pink sapphire, Al₂O₃)

White cabochon gemstone, likely agate or chalcedony

Cryptocrystalline quartz (SiO₂), probably chalcedony/agate; exact identification is uncertain from the overexposed image

Faceted gemstone ring, likely smoky quartz or garnet in a metal setting

Not determinable from the photograph; possible quartz (SiO₂) or garnet-group silicate

Yellow faceted gemstone earrings, likely citrine or yellow beryl

Citrine: quartz, SiO₂; possible yellow beryl: Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis lazuli (Rock composed primarily of Lazurite (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2, Calcite, and Pyrite)

Emerald in Matrix

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18) with trace amounts of Chromium/Vanadium

Man-made Jewelry Charm (Enameled Metal)

Not a natural mineral; composed of base metal alloy (likely zinc or brass) and epoxy resin/enamel.

Cultured Marble (Synthetic)

Polymer-matrix composite (typically calcium carbonate in polyester resin)

Tumbled hematite

Hematite (Fe₂O₃), commonly sold as “magnetic hematite” when synthetic or magnetized

Polished green-and-black banded cabochon (likely malachite imitation or dyed agate)

Uncertain; possible malachite (Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂), banded agate (SiO₂), or man-made glass

Dalmatian jasper

Orbicular rhyolite, commonly sold as Dalmatian jasper; quartz- and feldspar-rich volcanic rock with dark amphibole/biotite inclusions

Blue Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3 with Cr, Fe, and Ti trace elements)

Raw Topaz

Aluminum Silicate Fluoride Hydroxide, Al2SiO4(F,OH)2

Diamond (or Cubic Zirconia)

Carbon (C) or Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Bismuth Crystal

Bismuth (element symbol Bi, atomic number 83)

Red corundum gemstone (likely synthetic ruby)

Ruby: corundum, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), chromium-colored; likely lab-grown material

Opal ring

Common opal, likely synthetic or assembled blue-green opal (hydrated amorphous silica, SiO₂·nH₂O)

Blue Sapphire (in a faceted jewelry setting)

Corundum (Al2O3) with trace Iron and Titanium

Ruby

Corundum (Al2O3)

Ruby

Corundum (Al2O3 with Chromium)

Orange cabochon gemstone, likely amber or amber-like resin

Natural amber: fossilized plant resin (organic mineraloid), commonly succinite; exact identification requires testing

Ruby (Pink to Red Corundum)

Al2O3 (Corundum with Chromium impurities)

Ruby

Corundum (Al2O3 with Chromium traces)

Polished amethyst cabochon

Amethyst, purple quartz (SiO₂)

Amethyst (Resin Carving/Orgonite)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron impurities

Cubic Zirconia (Man-made)

Cubic Zirconia (ZrO2) with Enamel and Metal Alloy

Quartzite (Engineered Stone)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) based synthetic composite

Cut red gemstone in a gold ring

Likely ruby (corundum, Al₂O₃), though red spinel or garnet is also possible from the image

Polished hematite

Hematite (Fe₂O₃), likely a tumbled iron-oxide specimen

Dyed Agate Geode

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with artificial pigment

Asphalt (Bituminous Concrete)

Bituminous mix / Anthropogenic conglomerate

Dyed Purple Agate Sliced Tablet

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2), variety Chalcedony

Blue-green turquoise (probable)

Turquoise — hydrated copper aluminum phosphate, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Hematite

Iron(III) oxide, Fe2O3

Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) colored by Chromium and/or Vanadium

Carborundum (Silicon Carbide)

Silicon Carbide (SiC)

Cubic Zirconia (Faceted)

Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2)

Cubic Zirconia (Simulated Diamond)

Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2)