Synthetic Polymer (Synthetic Material)

Cubic Zirconia (CZ)

Cubic Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Diamond (faceted)

Diamond (Pure Carbon, C)

Sapphire (likely blue synthetic sapphire or blue glass in a ring)

Corundum (Al₂O₃), specifically the blue variety due to trace amounts of iron and titanium impurities. If synthetic, it would still be Al₂O₃.

Amethyst

Amethyst (SiO2 - Silicon Dioxide with iron impurities)

Amber

Succinate (Fossilized Tree Resin)

Opalite

Man-made synthetic glass with opalescent effects (SiO2 + metal oxides)

Diamond (Rough)

Diamond (Carbon, C)

Oak-grain Laminate (Industrial/Decorative Furniture Finish)

Melamine Resin-impregnated Decorative Paper on Particleboard (Cellulose/Thermosetting Plastic)

Man-made Crystal (Lead Glass)

Lead oxide-doped Silica Glass (approx. SiO2 + PbO)

Rough Diamond (Uncut Diamond)

Native Carbon (C)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium [CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O]

Chalcanthite (Likely Synthetic/Lab-Grown)

Hydrated copper(II) sulfate (CuSO4·5H2O)

Azurite-Malachite (often a mixed specimen)

Azurite: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2; Malachite: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2. The specimen appears to be a natural mixture or intergrowth of these two minerals.

Corundum

Corundum (Al2O3)

Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18), specifically the green variety colored by chromium or vanadium

Amber

Succinite (fossilized resin, C10H16O)

Ceramic or Polished Stone Heart (Anthropogenic Material)

Glazed Ceramic (Silicon Dioxide based coating on Alumina Silicate body) or Polished Limestone/Marble (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)

Terrazzo (Man-made Composite)

Cementitious or Resin-bound Lithic Composite

Amber

Fossilized Tree Resin (C10H16O)

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (a rock composed primarily of Lazurite (Na,Ca)₈[(S,Cl,SO₄,OH)₂|(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)], with varying amounts of Calcite, Pyrite, and Sodalite.)

Opal

Hydrous silicon dioxide (SiO2·nH2O)

Asphalt (Bituminous Concrete)

Bituminous Concrete / Pavement

Amber

Succinite (specifically for Baltic amber; general formula C10H16O)

Goldstone (aventurine glass)

Synthetic copper-bearing soda-lime glass; commonly sold as red goldstone

Colorless faceted gemstone (most likely synthetic cubic zirconia)

Cubic zirconia, ZrO₂ (likely synthetic); natural alternatives include quartz or diamond

Amazonite

KAlSi3O8 (Potassium Feldspar, variety of Microcline)

Moonstone (bead form)

Potassium Aluminum Silicate (KAlSi3O8) - a variety of Orthoclase Feldspar

Amber

Amber (Fossilized Tree Resin)

Diamond (appearing as a jewelry centerpiece)

Diamond (Formula: C)

Engineered Quartz Stone

Agglomerated Quartz (SiO2 + Polymer Resin)

Strawberry Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with inclusions of Goethite or Hematite

Diamond

Carbon (C)

Amber

Succinite (fossilized resin)

Quartz (Engineered Stone Countertop)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with polymer resins

Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3)

Black Tourmaline (Schorl)

Schorl (Na(Fe²⁺)₃Al₆(BO₃)₃Si₆O₁₈(OH)₄)

Black Tourmaline

Schorl (Na(Fe²⁺)₃Al₆(BO₃)₃Si₆O₁₈(OH)₄)

Magnetic Hematite

Magnetized Hematite (an iron oxide mineral, Fe2O3, that has undergone magnetization)

Amber

Succinite (specifically for Baltic amber); chemical formula approximately C10H16O

Amber

Succiniferous organic material (Succinite)

Mother of Pearl (Nacre)

Aragonite (CaCO3) with Organic Matrix

Lapis Lazuli

A metamorphic rock primarily composed of lazurite (Na,Ca)8[(S,SO4,Cl)2|(Al6Si6O24)], calcite (CaCO3), and pyrite (FeS2).