Synthetic (Not A Natural Rock)

Sandstone (with Liesegang rings or joints)

Clastic Sedimentary Rock (primarily Quartz with Iron Oxide cement)

Chert (Arrowhead/Artifact Fragment)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Granite

Granite (phaneritic intrusive igneous rock consisting mainly of quartz, alkali feldspar, and plagioclase)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium, CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Cullet Glass (Strawberry Glass)

Amorphous Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with metallic dopants

Clear Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Sandstone (with possibly iron oxides and other minerals)

Sandstone

Clear Quartz (Rock Crystal)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Gneiss

Gneiss (High-grade Regional Metamorphic Rock)

Chert (Jasper variety) with Iron Oxide staining

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2) with Goethite/Limonite impurities

Ironstone (Limonitic Shale)

Ferruginous Siltstone / Goethite-rich Sedimentary Rock

Ferruginous Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Iron Oxide (Fe2O3) inclusions

Schist (Kyanite Schist)

Kyanite-Mica Schist (primarily Al2SiO5, KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2, and SiO2)

Black Tourmaline

Schorl (Na(Fe²⁺)₃Al₆(BO₃)₃Si₆O₁₈(OH)₄)

Milky Quartz with Iron Inclusions

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Agate Slices and Clear Quartz Points

Agate (SiO2 Chalcedony) and Clear Quartz (SiO2 Crystalline)

Granite

Phaneritic plutonic rock (dominated by Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)

Gold Nugget

Native Gold (Au)

Pebble

Clast (specifically a granule or small pebble)

Quartzite Pebble

Quartzite (SiO2 with minor impurities)

Sandstone (Pebble/Conglomerate fragment)

Sandstone (clastic sedimentary rock)

Clear Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Granite

Granite (a common rock type, not a single mineral with a formula. Composed primarily of quartz, feldspar, and mica/amphibole).

Granite (Weathered River Rock)

Plutonic Igneous Rock (primarily Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)

Granite

Granite (Felsic Plutonic Rock, consisting primarily of Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)

Grooved Maun Ball (Maul/Hammerstone-like Concretion)

Calcareous/Ferruginous Concretion in Sandstone Matrix

Granite

Phaneritic Felsic Intrusive Rock (Granite)

Pink Fluorite

Fluorite (Calcium Fluoride) - CaF2

Turquoise in Matrix

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium: CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Granite

Phaneritic Plutonic Igneous Rock (composed of Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)

Black Onyx

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) with parallel banded structure

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium: CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Carnelian and White Quartz Bracelet

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - specifically Carnelian (Chalcedony) and Rock Crystal/Snow Quartz

Turquoise

Turquoise (Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium) CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Turquoise (Green variety)

Hydrous phosphate of copper and aluminum, CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Chrysocolla in Jasper (Chryso-Jasper)

Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4·n H2O (Chrysocolla) + SiO2 (Jasper)

Brick

Fired clay or Ceramic material (no specific mineralogical scientific name as it's a composite)

Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)

Gneiss (specifically a banded variety, likely a orthogneiss or paragneiss depending on parent rock)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O)

Basalt

Basalt (Mafic Aphanitic Igneous Rock)

Granite (specifically Pink Granite)

Phaneritic Plutonic Rock (High Potassium Feldspar Granite)

Shale

Fissile Clay-dominant Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3, K2O, Na2O, CaO, MgO)