Synthetic Glass

Man-made Ceramic / Clay Figurine

Aluminosilicate Ceramic (Processed Clay)

Diamond (or Cubic Zirconia)

Crystallized Carbon (C) for Diamond; Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2) for CZ

Note: The image provided is a fabric sock, not a geological specimen.

Polyester-Cotton Blend with Elastane

Orgonite Pyramid (containing Amethyst and mixed minerals)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) in synthetic resin

Sedimentary Rock with Crafts (Pet Rock)

Sedimentary rock decorated with synthetic materials

Pink Dyed Agate

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with synthetic pigment

Dyed Quartzite

Metamorphosed Quartz (SiO2) with synthetic pigment

Synthetic Resin / Plastic Figurine

Synthetic Polymer (Copolymer of Polyethylene or Resin)

Dyed Crackle Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with synthetic dye

Dyed Agate

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with synthetic dyes

Silicon Carbide (Carborundum)

Moissanite (SiC), though mostly synthetic

Blue gemstone ring (likely sapphire)

Likely corundum, Al₂O₃; the dark, reflective appearance may also indicate a treated or synthetic stone.

Cubic Zirconia

Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2)

Lapis Lazuli (Tumbled Stone)

Na6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,S,Cl)2 (predominantly Lazurite)

Silicon Carbide (Carborundum)

Silicon Carbide (SiC)

Diamond or Cubic Zirconia

Carbon (diamond) or Zirconium dioxide (cubic zirconia)

Aura Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Titanium/Metal vapor coating

Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3)

Dalmatian Stone

Dalmatian Jasper (a misnomer) / Perthitic Feldspar Rock

Diamond (Faceted Colorless)

Diamond (Pure Carbon, C)

Diamond (or Cubic Zirconia simulant)

C (Carbon) or ZrO2 (Zirconium Dioxide)

Clear faceted gemstone, likely synthetic cubic zirconia

Cubic zirconia (zirconium dioxide, ZrO₂); visual identification is not definitive and diamond or synthetic moissanite are alternatives

Ruby cabochons

Corundum, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), colored red by chiefly chromium

Smoky Quartz

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Black spinel bead bracelet

Spinel (magnesium aluminate), MgAl₂O₄

Mounted clear gemstone, likely cubic zirconia

Cubic zirconia (zirconium dioxide, ZrO₂), synthetic; exact stone cannot be confirmed from the image

Diamond (or Diamond Simulant)

Carbon (C) if diamond, various if simulant (e.g., Cubic Zirconia - ZrO2, Moissanite - SiC)

Smoky Quartz

Silicon dioxide with aluminum impurities (SiO2)

Pink Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3 with trace Chromium and Iron)

Emerald in Matrix

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities

Cubic Zirconia (as a jewelry specimen)

Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2)

Blue sapphire (likely synthetic or treated corundum)

Corundum, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), blue from iron and titanium impurities

Opal cabochon

Opal, hydrated amorphous silica (SiO₂·nH₂O), likely common or Ethiopian precious opal

Blue sapphire

Corundum, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), colored blue mainly by iron and titanium

Blue Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3) with traces of Iron and Titanium

Malachite

Copper carbonate hydroxide [Cu2CO3(OH)2]

Turquoise cabochon jewelry

Turquoise, hydrated copper–aluminum phosphate: CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Ruby (mounted cabochon)

Corundum, Al₂O₃; red color typically from chromium

Diamond (or Cubic Zirconia simulant)

Carbon (C) / Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Emerald

Beryl (Be₃Al₂Si₆Oထ₈) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities

Synthetic Marbled Aggregate (Footwear Component)

Ethylene-vinyl acetate (Croslite™)

Blue sapphire ring

Corundum, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), blue variety colored mainly by iron and titanium