Mineral (Man Made Composite)

Granitic Gneiss

Gneiss (High-grade metamorphic rock)

Gneiss

Gneiss

Quartz (Clear Quartz/Rock Crystal)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Schist

Schist (various mineral compositions)

Milky Quartz

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Bicolor Quartz Tumble

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Jade (likely Jadeite or Nephrite)

Jadeite (NaAlSi2O6) or Nephrite (Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2)

Granite Gneiss

Gneiss (high-grade metamorphic rock)

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 + various cementing minerals)

Granite (Dioritic variant)

Phaneritic Felsic Igneous Rock (primarily Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O)

Sandstone

Arenite

Conglomerate

Conglomerate (a clastic sedimentary rock)

Sandstone (likely Arkosic or Lithic)

Clastic Sedimentary Rock (SiO2 with accessory minerals)

Red Sandstone

Arenite (primarily composed of SiO2 with Fe2O3 cement)

Fluorite (Green)

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Lapis Lazuli (Low Grade)

Lazurite-rich metamorphic rock ((Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(SO4,S,Cl,OH)2)

Fluorite

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Limonite (Iron-rich Siltstone / Sandstone base)

Hydrous ferric oxide mixture (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Limonite (Iron Ore)

Limonite (Hydrous iron(III) oxide-hydroxide mixture, primarily FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Amethyst (Purple), Sulfur (Yellow), and Blue Apatite

SiO2 (Quartz), S (Native Sulfur), Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) (Apatite Group)

Green Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with mineral inclusions

Banded Gneiss

Gneiss (High-grade Regional Metamorphic Rock)

Gneiss (Cobble)

Gneiss

Serpentinite

Serpentinite (Mg, Fe, Ni, Al, Zn, Mn)2-3(Si, Al, Fe)2O5(OH)4

Red Sandstone

Arenite (Iron-rich)

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite with Iron-Oxide Cement

Sandstone with Manganese Oxide Patina

Clastic Sedimentary Rock (primarily SiO2)

Mica Group Minerals

There isn't a single scientific name as 'Mica' refers to a group of phyllosilicate minerals. Common scientific names include Muscovite (KAl₂ (AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂), Biotite (K(Mg,Fe)₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂), Phlogopite (KMg₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂), and Lepidolite (K(Li,Al)₃(Al,Si,Rb)₄O₁₀(F,OH)₂).

Yellow Ochre / Limonite

Hydrated ferric oxide (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Quartz on Sandstone

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) in Lithic Sandstone

Sandstone

Sandstone (clastic sedimentary rock, composed predominantly of sand-sized minerals or rock fragments)

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite (Fe2O3 stained)

Sandstone (with potential iron-oxide staining)

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Greisen

Greisen

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 principal)

Gneiss

Gneiss (Metamorphic Rock)

Gneiss

Gneiss

Diorite

Diorite (Intermediate intrusive igneous rock)

Granite

Granite (Felsic Plutonic Rock)

Blue Apatite

Apatite - Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)

Granitic Pegmatite with Schorl Tourmaline

Granitic Pegmatite (Schorl: NaFe3Al6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4)