Mineralogical Simulant

Tumbled green jasper or serpentine

Jasper: microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂); possible serpentine: Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄

Polished green serpentinite

Serpentinite, chiefly serpentine-group minerals (antigorite/lizardite/chrysotile), commonly with magnetite and minor carbonate

Tumbled orange chalcedony and a gray stone disk

Chalcedony (microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂); disk likely fine-grained sandstone or slate

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely glass or cubic zirconia

Uncertain; possible cubic zirconia (ZrO₂) or quartz (SiO₂), but the image may show a man-made simulant

Granite (Alkali-feldspar Granite)

Felsic Plutonic Rock (Primary minerals: Quartz SiO2, Orthoclase KAlSi3O8, Plagioclase (Na,Ca)AlSi3O8)

Basalt with Plagioclase Phenocrysts

Porphyritic Basalt

Pink Granite

Granite (Phaneritic intrusive igneous rock)

Quartzite

Quartzite (primarily SiO2)

Granite (with Orthoclase and Quartz)

Phaneritic Felsic Igneous Rock (KAlSi3O8 + SiO2)

Greenstone / Serpentinite

Serpentinite (complex of Mg, Fe, Ni, Al, Zn, Mn silicate minerals including Antigorite, Lizardite, and Chrysotile)

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely cubic zirconia

Synthetic cubic zirconia (zirconium dioxide, ZrO₂); identity is visual and not definitive

Serpentinite

Serpentinite (Mg, Fe, Ni, Al, Zn, Mn)2-3(Si, Al, Fe)2O5(OH)4

Diamond (or Cubic Zirconia simulant)

Carbon (C) / Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely a small diamond or imitation

Undetermined; diamond is carbon (C), but visual appearance alone cannot distinguish it from cubic zirconia or glass

Clear Quartz (faceted) / Diamond Simulant

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) / Cubic Zirconia (ZrO2)

Polished orbicular jasper (likely kambaba or ocean jasper)

Silicified microcrystalline quartz/chalcedony with iron-rich inclusions; mainly SiO₂

Diamond in a gold-tone setting

Diamond, crystalline carbon (C)

Oval faceted gemstone ring, likely diamond

Diamond (crystalline carbon, C), possibly a diamond simulant; identification requires testing

Faceted colorless gemstone, likely glass or diamond imitation

Unidentified; possibly diamond (carbon, C) or cubic zirconia (zirconium dioxide, ZrO₂)

Diamond (or Cubic Zirconia)

Crystallized Carbon (C) for Diamond; Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2) for CZ

Granite

Granite (Plutonic Igneous Rock)

Granite

Granite (composed primarily of Quartz, Alkali Feldspar, and Plagioclase)

Granite

Phaneritic plutonic rock (approx. 20-60% quartz, 35-90% feldspar)

Pink Granite

Potassium Feldspar-Rich Granite

Granite

Granite (Alkali-feldspar, Quartz, and Plagioclase composition)

Banded Calcite (Onyx Marble / Travertine)

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Tumbled kambaba jasper (likely)

Kambaba jasper, a silica-rich microcrystalline quartz aggregate, commonly containing fossilized cyanobacterial structures and dark green amphibole/pyroxene minerals

Diamond (or Cubic Zirconia simulant)

Carbon (C) / Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2 if synthetic)

Cubic Zirconia (Diamond Simulant)

Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Polished bumblebee jasper (likely)

Calcite–sulfur-rich volcanic breccia, commonly sold as “bumblebee jasper”

Dalmatian jasper

Orbicular microcrystalline quartz rock, commonly rhyolitic or volcanic-feldspar matrix with black arfvedsonite/alkali-amphibole inclusions

Tumbled brown jasper

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), commonly called jasper when opaque and impurity-colored

Amazonite-bearing feldspar (likely raw amazonite)

Amazonite, a blue-green variety of microcline feldspar; KAlSi₃O₈

Green fluorite crystal

Fluorite (calcium fluoride, CaF₂)

Red faceted gemstone, likely synthetic ruby

Corundum (Al₂O₃); ruby when red, possibly laboratory-grown

Likely black tourmaline (schorl)

Schorl, NaFe₃Al₆(BO₃)₃Si₆O₁₈(OH)₄

Polished sodalite-bearing rock

Likely sodalite in a feldspar-rich host; exact rock identification is uncertain from the image

Likely serpentine-rich pebble

Serpentinite, composed mainly of serpentine-group minerals (e.g., antigorite, lizardite, or chrysotile)

Weathered greenish metamorphic rock, possibly serpentinite

Serpentinite, commonly dominated by antigorite/lizardite Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄; identification is uncertain from the photograph

Blue-gray tumbled stone, likely sodalite

Sodalite, Na₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)Cl₂; identification is tentative from the photograph

Blue copper-mineral rock, likely chrysocolla-bearing copper ore

Chrysocolla (hydrated copper aluminosilicate), possibly with malachite, quartz, or host rock

Polished ruby-in-zoisite (anyolite), likely

Ruby-bearing zoisite: zoisite Ca₂Al₃(SiO₄)₃(OH), with corundum Al₂O₃ and commonly amphibole