Mineraloid (Synthetic)

Aquamarine in Onyx / Blue Topaz Pendant

Beryl (Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈) or Topaz (Al₂SiO₄(F,OH)₂)

Ruby (Corundum)

Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) with Chromium traces

Amethyst (faceted gemstone)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂), purple variety colored mainly by iron-related defects

Mixed gemstone specimens

Likely pink sapphire or tourmaline, red garnet, blue sapphire, precious opal, and green tourmaline/emerald; exact identities cannot be confirmed from the collage

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Synthetic Blue Aura Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Metallic Infusion

Magnetite or Hematite-rich Ore

Magnetite (Fe3O4) or Hematite (Fe2O3)

Ruby

Corundum (Al2O3 with Chromium trace impurities)

Quartz (Smoky Quartz variant)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Opalite (likely man-made opalescent glass)

Opalite; not a true mineral, typically synthetic opalescent glass (silica-based)

Polished turquoise cabochon pendant

Turquoise, hydrated copper-aluminum phosphate: CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O; likely stabilized or matrix-bearing material

Turquoise

Hydrated copper aluminum phosphate, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Tumbled amber

Amber (fossilized plant resin; predominantly polymerized diterpenoid resin)

Green cabochon gemstone, likely aventurine or dyed chalcedony

Indeterminate from image; possible quartz variety (SiO₂), including aventurine quartz or chalcedony

Blue Goldstone

Synthetic Aventurescent Glass (Cobalt-doped soda-lime glass)

Ammolite

Biogenic gemstone (Aragonite, CaCO3)

Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities

Tumbled amethyst

Amethyst, purple quartz (SiO₂), colored by trace iron and irradiation

Tumbled amethyst

Quartz, crystalline silicon dioxide (SiO₂), purple variety colored mainly by iron impurities and irradiation

Garden Quartz (Lodalite)

Silicon Dioxide with various mineral inclusions (SiO2)

Blue faceted gemstone, likely synthetic sapphire or blue glass

Corundum (Al₂O₃) if sapphire; identity cannot be confirmed visually

Likely silicon carbide (carborundum)

Synthetic silicon carbide (SiC), likely blue-green crystalline grit

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely glass or quartz

Uncertain; possibly quartz (SiO₂), but the strong uniform brilliance and apparent molded/faceted form may indicate leaded glass or cubic zirconia

Painted River Rock

Anthropogenic-modified Siliciclastic Sedimentary Rock

Dyed Agate

Chalcedony (SiO2)

Turquoise cabochon

Turquoise, hydrated copper aluminum phosphate — CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Green beryl gemstone (likely emerald or green beryl)

Beryl, Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈; green color from chromium/vanadium or iron

Blue cabochon gemstone ring

Likely blue turquoise, glass-filled sapphire, or blue spinel; exact identification requires testing

Polished hematite bead necklace

Hematite (iron(III) oxide, Fe₂O₃), likely polished beads

Clear Quartz (Faceted) / White Sapphire / Goshenite

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) / Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3)

Dyed or synthetic turquoise-blue glass-like specimen

Likely man-made colored glass or resin; exact identification requires testing

Limonite (Yellow Ochre)

Limonite (an amorphous mixture of hydrated iron oxides, primarily FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Snowflake Obsidian

Volcanic Glass (spherulitic Obsidian) - SiO2 (with Cristobalite inclusions)

Moonstone ring

Moonstone, a feldspar variety (typically orthoclase or adularia; KAlSi₃O₈)

Hematite

Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)

Chrysocolla in Malachite

Cu2CO3(OH)2 (Malachite) / Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4·nH2O (Chrysocolla)

Black Opal (Triplet)

Hydrated Silica (SiO2·nH2O)

Opalite-style pendant (likely synthetic glass, not natural opal)

Opalescent glass; commonly sold as “opalite” (not a recognized mineral species)

Red gemstone ring, likely synthetic ruby or garnet

Ruby: corundum (Al₂O₃); possible alternative: almandine garnet (Fe₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃)

Blue opalite (often sold as synthetic opal)

Opalite glass; amorphous hydrated silica if natural opal (SiO₂·nH₂O)

Bismuth crystal

Bismuth (Bi), synthetic laboratory-grown crystal

Opalite

Man-made Opalized Glass (Synthetic Glass)