Sedimentary (Alluvial Deposit)

Banded Jasper with Hematite or Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with impurities

Sandstone (Quartz-rich)

Arenite (SiO2)

Calcite (commonly referred to as Orange Calcite or Honey Calcite given its color)

Calcite

Quartz (River-worn Pebble)

Quartz (SiO2)

Diamond (Rough)

Diamond (Carbon, C)

Yellow Ochre / Limonite

Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Fossil Crab

Decapoda (likely Avitelmessus or Raninidae family)

Quartz (likely Clear Quartz or Rock Crystal)

Quartz (SiO2)

Limonite and Goethite (Ironstone)

Hydrous Iron Oxide Mixture (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Limonite (Iron Ore)

Limonite (̑FeO(OH)·nH₂O)

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Milky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Fluorite

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Yellow Quartz (Chalcedony/Agate)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Diamond

Diamond (C)

Satin Spar (commercially called Selenite)

Gypsum (Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate) - CaSO4·2H2O

Fluorite

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Quartz (Chert/Chalcedony variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Sandstone

Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2)

Pyrite

Iron Sulfide (FeS2)

Limonite / Ironstone Nodule

Limonite (Hydrated iron(III) oxide-hydroxide), FeO(OH)·nH2O

Satin Spar (Gypsum variety)

Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O)

Chert (Flint)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Quartz (Milky/Common Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Amber

Succiniferous fossil resin (C10H16O)

Pyrite

Iron Sulfide (FeS2)

Orange Calcite

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Rhodonite

Manganese Silicate (Mn,Fe,Mg,Ca)SiO3

Limonite (Iron Ore Congcretion)

Limonite (a mixture of hydrated iron(III) oxide-hydroxides, FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Galena

Lead(II) Sulfide (PbS)

Iron Ore / Ironstone Concretion

Mixture of iron oxide/hydroxide minerals, likely some combination of Hematite (Fe2O3), Goethite (α-FeOOH), and Limonite (a general term for hydrated iron oxides of variable composition) or potentially Bauxite (a mixture of aluminum hydroxides, often with iron oxides, (Al(OH)3) and FeO(OH)). The visual characteristics strongly suggest iron-rich material.

Red Jasper (possibly)

Jasper (a variety of Chalcedony, SiO2)

Sandstone

Arenite or Sandstone

Laterite (iron-rich nodule, possibly Bauxite as a subtype)

Laterite (composed of various minerals including goethite, hematite, gibbsite, etc.)

Chert (or Flint)

Chert (cryptocrystalline quartz), SiO2

Siltstone

Siltstone (fined-grained clastic sedimentary rock)

Amber Chert (Jasper)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Shungite

Non-crystalline carbon (high-carbon metamorphic rock)

Gold

Native Gold (Au)

Turquoise

CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Limonite (Iron Ore)

Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Agate with Druzy Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)