Synthetic Glass (Man Made)

Specular Hematite (Specularite)

Iron Oxide (Fe2O3)

Black Tourmaline

Schorl (Na(Fe²⁺)₃Al₆(OH)₄(BO₃)₃Si₆O₁₈)

Granodiorite with Quartz Veining

Granodiorite (containing Plagioclase Feldspar, Quartz, and Biotite/Hornblende) with Quartz (SiO2) veins

Moonstone

Orthoclase Feldspar (formula: (K,Na)AlSi3O8)

Banded Calcite (often sold as 'Mexican Onyx' or 'Green Onyx')

Calcite (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)

Diamond (as set in a metal alloy ring)

Diamond (Pure Carbon, C)

Grey Granite

Phaneritic Felsic Intrusive Igneous Rock

Pearl (Biogenic)

Nacre / Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Sunstone

Aventurine Feldspar (Plagioclase Feldspar with inclusions)

Diamond

Carbon (C)

Pearl (with Peridot)

Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) + Conchiolin; Peridot: Magnesium iron silicate (Mg, Fe)2SiO4

Chalk

CaCO3 (primarily Calcium Carbonate), biogenic sedimentary rock

Granite

Phaneritic Igneous Rock (composed mostly of Quartz, Alkali Feldspar, and Plagioclase)

Granite

Phaneritic plutonic rock (SiO2 typically >69%)

Wood Beads (Palmwood/Ebony)

Various species for wood, but often refers to woods like Palmwood (e.g., Borassus flabellifer) or Ebony (Diospyros spp.) for their distinctive grain and hardness.

Mother of Pearl (Nacre)

Calcium Carbonate (primarily aragonite, with conchiolin)

Basalt

Basalt

Chert (specifically Red Chert or Jasper)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (specifically Flint or Common Chert node)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Diamond

Diamond (pure Carbon, C)

Granite

Phaneritic Plutonic Felsic Rock

Crackled Quartz (Blue Dyed)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with anthropogenic dye

Fossiliferous Limestone (Coquina)

Biogenic Limestone (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)

Native Silver

Silver (Ag)

Pyrite

Iron Sulfide (FeS2)

Pyrite

Iron Disulfide (FeS2)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium [CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O]

Common Marble

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Dyed Quartz (often sold as 'Blue Quartz' or 'Blue Agate')

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with artificial pigment

Sapphire

Corundum (Al₂O₃) with trace elements causing color variations.

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (a rock type, not a single mineral, composed primarily of lazurite, calcite, and pyrite)

Diamond (Rough)

Diamond (Carbon, C)

Ruby

Corundum (mineral species), variety: Ruby (Al2O3 with Cr3+ as the chromophore)

Moonstone (bead form)

Potassium Aluminum Silicate (KAlSi3O8) - a variety of Orthoclase Feldspar

Granite

Granite (felsic intrusive igneous rock)

Granite

Granite (a common rock type, not a single mineral with a formula. Composed primarily of quartz, feldspar, and mica/amphibole).

Rose Quartz Carving

Quartum roseum (Variety of Quartz, SiO2)

Rough Diamond

Diamond (Pure Carbon: C)

Carnelian

Chalcedony (cryptocrystalline quartz), SiO2

Mixed Gemstone Beaded Jewelry

Various minerals (e.g., Quartz varieties like Rose Quartz, Amethyst; Peridot; Garnet; etc.)

Smoky Quartz

Smoky Quartz (SiO2)

Pyrite

Iron Disulfide (FeS2)