Mineral, Specifically A Detrital Grain

Shale

Shale

Sandstone

Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2)

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 based with primary clasts 0.0625 to 2 mm)

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Banded Slate or Siltstone with Quartz/Calcite Veins

Protolith-derived Siltstone or Slate (varies based on degree of metamorphism)

Sandstone

Arenite

Magnetite

Magnetite (Fe3O4)

Sandstone or Limestone

Arenite or Calcareous Sedimentary Rock

Gneiss

Gneiss

Amygdaloidal Basalt

Amygdaloidal Basalt containing Zeolite or Quartz (SiO2/Silicates)

Peridot (Olivine)

Magnesium Iron Silicate (Mg,Fe)2SiO4

Olivine (Peridot when gem-quality)

Magnesium Iron Silicate (Mg,Fe)2SiO4

Weathered Volcanic Rock (possibly Rhyolite or Andesite Pebble)

Volcanic rock (e.g., Rhyolite or Andesite, specific identification would require thin section analysis or chemical assay). Mineral composition: Primarily feldspars (orthoclase and/or plagioclase), quartz (in rhyolite), micas, amphiboles, and sometimes pyroxenes.

Chert (specifically Brown Chert or Flint)

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (specifically Jasper or Flint variant)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (specifically Flint or Dark Chalcedony)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Chert (specifically a weathered Chert nodule or fragment)

Chert; Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Jasper (specifically Yellow Jasper and Red Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions

Chert (specifically Jasper or Brown Chert node)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Jasper Agate (specifically Brecciated Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide and clay impurities

Chert (specifically Flint or Common Chert)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Jasper (specifically a banded or dark variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with impurities

Chert (specifically Pink Chert or Jasperized Chert)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Cryptocrystalline Quartz

Jade (specifically Nephrite or Jadeite beads)

Nephrite (Ca2(Mg, Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2) or Jadeite (NaAlSi2O6)

Chert (specifically a flint nodule component)

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO2)

Chert (specifically Flint or Common Chert)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (specifically Flint or Jasper variant)

Microcrystalline silica (SiO2)

Chert (specifically Blue or Grey Chert/Flint)

Microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (specifically Flint or Gray Chalcedony)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Limestone (specifically Iron-stained or Argillaceous Limestone)

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) with Iron Oxide (Fe2O3) impurities

Jasper (specifically Red or Brecciated Jasper variant)

Jasper (Microcrystalline Quartz - SiO2)

Jasper (specifically Yellow or Picture Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions

Chert (specifically Yellow Jasper variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz

Chert (specifically Flint or Jasper variant)

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (specifically Yellow or Brown Chert / Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Chert (specifically Flint or Jasper variant)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Chert (specifically Flint or Common Opal)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Chert (specifically Yellow or River Chert)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Sandstone (Greywacke/Lithic Sandstone)

Arenite / Lithic Sandstone

Quartz-Veined Mudstone

Argillaceous Mudstone with Quartz Veining

Blue Quartzite

Quartzite (primarily SiO2) with inclusions like Dumortierite or Crocidolite

Granite Cobble

Granite