Synthetic (Man Made Material Mimicking Natural Stone)

Strawberry Quartz (or Sunstone / Tumbled Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite/Lepidocrocite inclusions

Blue glass-like cabochon, likely dyed or synthetic material

Uncertain; possibly dyed chalcedony, synthetic spinel, or blue glass

Terrazzo (Synthetic Composite Rock)

Cementitious or Epoxy Resin-bound Aggregates

Blue Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3)

Conglomerate

Clastic Sedimentary Rock (Conglomerate)

Opal gemstone pendant

Opal (hydrated amorphous silica, SiO₂·nH₂O)

Polished pink corundum (likely treated ruby)

Corundum, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃); ruby when red-to-pink from chromium

Milky quartz

Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂)

Turquoise cabochon or turquoise-bearing material

Turquoise, hydrated copper aluminum phosphate — CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Diamond

Diamond (pure Carbon, C)

Coquina

Bioclastic Limestone (Coquina)

Composite Turquoise or Reconstituted Turquoise with Copper inclusions

CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O (Turquoise) mixed with matrix and copper/bronze flakes

Goldstone (blue-goldstone–style glass) beads

Artificial aventurine glass, typically silica glass with copper inclusions; not a natural mineral

Man-made Slag (Industrial Byproduct)

Anthropogenic Glassy Residue

Diamond (in jewelry)

Cubic Carbon (C)

Tumbled amethyst

Amethyst, purple quartz (SiO₂)

Ruby in Matrix

Corundum (Al2O3)

Polished brown jasper (likely brecciated or orbicular jasper)

Microcrystalline quartz/chalcedony, SiO₂, with iron-oxide and other mineral inclusions

Green Aventurine

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with inclusions of Fuchsite (K(Al,Cr)2AlSi3O10(OH)2)

Blue gemstone, likely iolite or blue sapphire

Iolite (cordierite, Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈) or corundum (sapphire, Al₂O₃)

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 primarily)

Red gemstone ring, likely synthetic ruby

Corundum (Al₂O₃), chromium-bearing; possibly lab-created ruby or red glass imitation

Blue cabochon gemstone ring

Likely blue turquoise, glass-filled sapphire, or blue spinel; exact identification requires testing

Polished honey-yellow quartz-like crystal

Quartz (SiO₂), possibly citrine or heat-treated amethyst

Clear faceted gemstone, likely cubic zirconia

Synthetic zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂), probably cubic zirconia; exact identification requires testing

Gemstone-set silver jewelry piece

Likely mixed faceted gemstones in a silver-colored metal setting; stones may include sapphire, ruby/garnet, and yellow sapphire or citrine, but the image is insufficient for species-level identification.

Polished amethyst-bearing quartz

Quartz, SiO₂; purple coloration from irradiation and trace iron

Picture Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Faceted clear gemstone, likely quartz (rock crystal)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂); exact identity is uncertain because the strong flash and cut obscure diagnostic features

Polished white calcite sphere (identification tentative)

Calcite, CaCO₃

Blue-green turquoise (probable)

Turquoise, hydrous copper aluminum phosphate — CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Red gemstone, likely ruby

Corundum (Al₂O₃), colored red by chromium

Citrine (Heat-treated Amethyst)

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Green Quartz / Chrysoprase / Sea Glass

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Blue-green faceted gemstone, likely turquoise or treated turquoise

Turquoise: hydrated copper–aluminum phosphate, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O; exact identification is uncertain from the image

Green glassy mineral fragment, possibly fluorite

Fluorite (calcium fluoride, CaF₂), tentative identification

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely cubic zirconia

Cubic zirconia (synthetic ZrO₂), possibly glass or quartz

Man-made Blank Ammunition (Brass)

CuZn (Cartridge Brass - roughly 70% Copper, 30% Zinc)

Sandstone

Arenite (variable SiO2 composition)

Diamond (or Diamond Simulant)

Carbon (C) if diamond, various if simulant (e.g., Cubic Zirconia - ZrO2, Moissanite - SiC)

Faceted yellow gemstone ring

Likely yellow sapphire (corundum), but exact identification requires testing; alternatives include citrine, chrysoberyl, or treated diamond.

Faceted Diamond or Cubic Zirconia

Carbon (C) for Diamond; Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) for CZ